Skin Flashcards
functions
Protection Waterproof Cushion Excretion Sensory reception
2 categories Body membranes
Epithelial membrane - epithelial and underlying connective tissue
Connective tissue membrane - no epithelial cells
3 epithelial membrane
Cutaneous
Serous
Mucous
Cutaneous
SKIN
Epithelial cells
Serous membrane
On surface of closed cavities
2 layers (epithelial and connective)
Parietal (body cavity)
Organ (visceral) (thoracic pleural, abdominal peritoneal)
Secrete watery fluid to reduce friction, organ lube)
Mucous membrane
Line openings to exterior
Respiratory excretory digestive
Secrete mucous
Connective tissue membranes
No epithelial
Smooth, secrete thick synovial fluid
Reduce friction between bones
Line bursae between moving body p
Skin function
Protect against invasion, dehydration, temp change, excrete waste, receptor, generate vit d
Store water, fat, sugar, vit d
Skin layers
Epidermis - outer thin
Dermis - thicker, connective
SSubcutaneous- fat and connective houses vessels and nerves
Epidermis layers
Innermost = stratum germinativium - undergo mitosis , move upwards and specialize (repair itself), cytoplasm replaced with keratin at surface
Keratin
Outermost skin layer, abrasion resistant, waterproof,
In stratum corneum (outer layer)
Melanin
Deepest layer (stratum germinatvium)
Pigment from melanocytes
Genetics and sunlight determine cor
Low concentrations, change to skin more obvious (cyanosis vs flush from blood flow)
Dermis - function and structure
Thicker than epidermis
Connective tissue
Fibroblast - form collagen and elastin
Dermal papillae - bind skin together
Subcutaneous
Connective tissue and fat
Insulate and energy source, shock absorbing pad
Hair
Cell grows down to form follicle , hair papilla grows through all layers of epidermis
Receptors
Allow body to sense change and relay messages
Nails
Produced by epidermis cells and fill with keratin
Skin glands
Sweat (sudoriferous)
Sebaceous
Sweat glands - 2 kinds
Eccrine - all over body
Apocrine - armpit and groin, larger and secrete thicker sweat
Sebaceous glands
Near hair follicle, produce sebum (skin oil)
Sebum secreted up follicle, moving debris and lubricate skin.
Skin types
Normal Oily Dry Combination Damaged Dehydrated Aged
Normal skin carriers and oils
Almond, apricot, jojoba
Chamolmile, geranium, lavender
Sandalwood, rose
Cleanser 2x, moisturize, exfoliate weekky
Oily skin oils and carriers treatments
Clay masks/steam
Jojoba, grapeseed, apricot
Rutaceae, lavender, geranium,cedarwood, heli, frank, patchouli
Very warm water to wash, 2-3x, hydrosol toners
Clay mask 2x
Dry skin
Low level of sebum - cham, ger, lav, patch,rose
Cleanse 2x, tone hydrosol, moisturze - avacado, wheat germ, jojoba, rose, carrot
Mask 2x
Combination
T- zone issues, dry elsewhere Balance with mutual oils Ger, lav, sandalwood Cleanse seperately Use 2 diff masks (green - oil, red or glacial for dry)
Damaged skin
Frank, heli, lav, geranium , carrot seed
Dehydrated skin
Dull dry scaly flaky
Lack of sebum, excessive sweat, not enough water
Surface cells harden , block oil secretion, infection
Masks 2x, moisturizer,
Aloe w/ orange, mandarin, lavender, tt, rc
Aging skin
Oils and massage to regenerate and oxidize
Acne vulgaris
Clogged pores
Eo's to reduce sebum Antibacterial Stress Inflamation Balance hormones Eliminate toxins
Rutaceae lav sandalwood
Unblock, decrease sebum and bacteria, massage, compress and steam
Rosacea
Redness come and go, bumps and pimples, dry
Calm, soothe, cool skin, reduce stress
Lemon/begamot cypress/lav neroli/rose
Skin stressed liwer concentration 1%
Hydrosols
Masks and massage
Boils carbuncles
Staph in hair follicles
Group of boils, large carbuncle
Contagious
Boost immunity, reduce swelling, compress/mask draw out boil
Lemon/thyme/tt lav/ger/ cham heli/sandalwood
Warts
Hpv
Contageous
Topical/bath - undiluted, cover or bath and salts
Lem/lemgrass/thyme/tt juniper/lav/geranium rose/neroli
Eczema/ Dermatitis - 4 types
Inflammation of the skin
Contact
Atopic
Sebhorreic
Photo
Contact dermatitis
Caused by contact
Irritant - resembles burn
Allergic - have become sensitive to, mild to sores
Seborrheic dermatitis
Scaley, flaky, itchy, red
Scalp, face trunk - dandruff
Infantile - cradle cap : rc/gc
Atopic (hereditary)dermatitis
Eczema (itchy, scaling, weeping, crusting)
Triad: asthma, allergies, eczema
Exasperated: soaps, dry, weather
Photo dermatitis
Photosensitivity
Itch/red/tender/ warm/ rash
Oils for dermatitis
Berg/euc/Tt/Thyme
G cham/germ/ lav
Cedarwood/heli/patch/rose
Anti itch: gc lav swood
Anti inflam: gc/ heli
Astrigent: juniper
No massage
Psoriasis
Red scaley thickened skin elbows knees scalp
Stress and cold exasperate
Psoriatic arthritis in 10%
Tt, thyme, germ, lav, heli, patch, swood
Use blend 3 weeks before changing
Anti itch gc lav swood
anti inflamm helich
Burns
1st degree mild discomfort reddening
2nd deep epidermal layers - blisters swelling scars
3rd complete destruction epi and dermis into subcutaneous- nerves destroyed no pain at time of injury
Cold water,aloe,lav
Euc/tt/g cham/ lav benzoin (mist compress)
Allergies
Hives (uticaria) - allergen ,stress
Rc, lav,heli,patch
Massage abdomen clockwise immunity (lemon/ lav/frank)
Athletes foot
Fungus (other: ringworm, jockitch)
Red itchy sting blisters
Tt/thyme lav/ger frank/patch
Wash and dry,sage cornstarch to decrease sweat, soak in water and oils then vinegar and oils
Shingles
Herpes zoster/ chicken pox
Pain/blisters
Neuralgia (persistent pain)
Infectious 1 week
Antiviral, immunity, itch
Shingles oils
Berg, euc, lemon, tt, g-gc-l
Apply lav/tt to spine, sea salt bath,
Rc hydrosol for pain
Ravensara
Herpes
Herpes simplex virus hsv
Type1 skin and cold sores
Type2 genital (std)
Contagious
Herpes - oils
AV - tt/t, CS, euc
Juniper, lavender, oregano
Immunity - tt, gf, lav/ger, frank/heli
Mellisa on blisters
Berg,tt,euc
Bath massage
Skin cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma - slow, common, hard nodules, painless,
Basal cell carcinoma- usually upper face, less likely to spread, stratum germinatvium, bleeding cruster crater
Melanoma - serious, fast, mole becomes lesion, uv damage, genetics,
Skin cancer oils
Frank - repair cells, carrot seed oil, boost immune, bath massage (do not massage cancer)
Facial
Improve nutrient exchange Stimulate lymph flow Reduce fluid sinus congestion Tone muscles
Facial steps
Client form - oil Headband Warm wet towels in microwave Towel forehead and cheeks chin Cleanser Facecloth press Toner up Massage oil 10 min Mask outward 10 min towel toner/hydrosol moisturizer
