Lymphatic System Flashcards
Lymph
Whitish, watery fluid contains lymphocytes
2 lymph ducts
Right
Thoracic
Where lymph enters system
Lymph formation
Blood pushes through tiny spaces - interstitial fluid.
Pushes back through tissues to blood, or through lymphatic system via capillaries
3 functions of lymph
Aids immune system in destroying pathogens as and filtering waste
Remove excess fluids, waste e.t.c from tissue
Deliver nutrients o2 and hormones from blood
Three types of lymphocytes
B
T
NK
Natural killer cells
Large, granular cells detect invaders by surface molecules
Nk cells are activated by interferons (cytokins)
T cells vs b cells
B cell- mediated immunity (produce antibodies and neutralize)
T cell - humoral (antibodies) t helper cells direct response, cytotoxic T’s kill invader
Both create memory cells
Lymph flow
Duct - blood - enters nodes via capillary
Groups of capillaries form vessels (lymphphagions)
Lymph capillaries
Located near skin (70%) rest near organs
Blind ended tubes over lap like shingles
Fluid is forced forward
Lymph vessels
Aka lymphagions
Capillaries join a mesh like network
Get larger moving into body, near veins
One way valve (no back flow)
Lymphatic organs
Thymus - origin of t cells which circulate the body
Active during puberty
Tonsils - protect against mouth bacteria
Palatine (a round throat)
Pharyngeal- base of nasal cavity
Lingual - base of tongue
Spleen- largest
Filters and phagocytes bacteria
Creates lymphocytes for recycling red blood cells
Peyers patches
Lymph tissue insmall intestines - illium
B cells
Lymph nodes and cancer
Cells spread to lymph glands via channels
Develop slowly and painless
Cellulite
Water and toxins in fat cells, form nodules
Toxins leads to water retention to flush, cells harden and imprison toxins
Reduced with massage
Rutaceae/juniper-cypress/ ginger
Lymphoedema
Fluid accumulation due to
Blocked vein Low levels plasma proteins Blocked lymph (elephantitus) Capillary fragility Kidney failure
