Methods Of Extraction Flashcards
Distilled oils
Only volatiles
Limited in size
Expressed
Molecules of all sizes
Absolute
Molecuses of all size that are soluble in alcohol
Resinoid
All sizes that are soluble in solvent
Macerated
Soluble in vegetable oil
Steam distillation
Plants on wire mesh, steam firced through , vapour releases, condenses in swan neck.
Hydrosol and oil
Water distillation
Material boiled, vacuum created (drops boiling point), pushed up cooling tube to condense
Not good for oils damaged by heat
Hydro- diffusion
Steam introduced from top, condensation occurs inside the still
Fractional distillation
Repeated distillation in fractions
Dry distillation
Plant matter in vacuum
Rectification
Re-distillation - remove impurities by distilling again
Molecular distillation
Volatile oils from delicate matter - evaporation under vacuum conditions, cooled and condensed
Solvent extraction
Low concentration of oils, gentle, richer fragrance but plant impurities also within.
CO2 extraction
CO2 hypwrcritical at 33 degrees, both lq and g.
CO2 diffuse through plant matter, released as gas, leaving solvent free
Potential pesticide residue
Maceration
Material immersed in hot fat, strained and repeated with new flowers in same fat = pomade
Warmed with alcohol to remove oils
