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Patho > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

keloids

A

bumps you get from ear piercings

-reduced risk if ears are pierced before age 11

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2
Q

ethnicities with strongest body odor

A

caucasians and african americans

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3
Q

good braden score

A

19+

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4
Q

6 components of braden score

A 
sensory perception
moisture
activity
mobility
nutrition
friction and shear
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5
Q

3 components of a PUSH score

A 
length x width (0-10)
exudate amount (0-3)
tissue type (0-4): necrotic (escher), slough, granulation tissue, pink epithelial tissue, or closed/resurfaced
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6
Q

acanthose niagrans

A

dark, velvety skin on the back of the neck

-sign of diabetes, telling us there’s too much sugar in the blood

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7
Q

ecchymosis

A

bruise- red or purple macule that is bigger than petechiae but smaller than 1 cm

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8
Q

hematoma

A

localized bleeding that pools together to create an elevated ecchymosis (egg on head)

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9
Q

cherry angioma

A

tiny, bright red, rased papules

benign

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10
Q

spider angioma

A

red central body with radiating branches, looks like a spider, blanchable

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11
Q

telangiectasis

A

blue or red spider-like or linear marks on the extremeties from venous pressure on the capillaries

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12
Q

ABCDE pneumonic

A 
Asymmetry 
Border
Color
Diameter
Elevation
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13
Q

how do you identify MRSA?

A

pustule, elevated, large, cellulitis around it

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14
Q

longitudinal ridging nails

A

normal

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15
Q

half and half nails

A

kidney and renal disease

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16
Q

pitting nails

A

looks like microscopic bebes

autoimmune disease like psoriasis

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17
Q

Koilonychia

A

spoon shaped nails

anemia

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18
Q

yellow nail syndrome

A

AIDS and chronic respiratory issues
and stained in smokers
fungus (tinea pedis)

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19
Q

paronychia

A

infection to cuticle and causes fungus

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20
Q

bows line

A

horizontal ridge- seen in people who have MI or some other life-threatening situation

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21
Q

no expression on the face

A

mask

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22
Q

cervical vertebrae

A

C7

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23
Q

adam’s apple

A

thyroid cartilage

24
Q

cricoid cartilage

A

3rd ring down

what breaks when you get strangled

25
Q

bruits in an enlarged thyroid

A

hyperthyroidism

26
Q

preauricular nodes

A

drain the lateral portions of the eye’s conjunctiva, skin adjacent to the ear within the temporal region

27
Q

what do the occipital nodes drain

A

the occipital region of the scalp

28
Q

tonsillar nodes drain…

A

the tonsillar and posterior pharyngeal regions

29
Q

submandibular nodes drain…

A

the structures on the floor of the mouth

30
Q

submental nodes drain…

A

the teeth and intra-oral cavity

31
Q

posterior cervical nodes drain…

A

the skin on the back of the head and upper respiratory

32
Q

supraclavicular nodes drain

A

part of the thoracic cavity, abdomen

33
Q

scleroderma

A

causes hardening of the skin, connective tissue disease

eventually suffocate bc the chest can’t expand

34
Q

vitiligo

A

autoimmune, genetic, excessive ROS, calcium imbalance

a chemical in the body destroys pigment/ melanin in the skin

35
Q

melasma

A

darkened macules on face in all skin types, mostly across the bridge of the nose

36
Q

fungus of ringworm/ athletes foot

37
Q

ringworm on the arms and legs

A

tinea corporus

38
Q

ringworm on the foot

A

tinea pedis

39
Q

ringworm on the groin

A

tinea crures

40
Q

ringworm in the nails

A

tinea unium and oncomycosis

41
Q

impetigo

A

honey colored, crusted lesions on the nose or mouth

  • very conagious and can cause glomerular infections
  • bacterial
42
Q

verrucae

A

warts
viral
benign neoplasms

43
Q

noninflammatory acne lesions

A

comedones (whiteheads and blackheads)

44
Q

inflammatory acne lesions

A

papules, pustules, nodules, cysts

45
Q

urticaria

46
Q

erythemia multiforme

A

dramatic but usually minor drug-induced skin eruption

  • occurs after herpes simplex infection
  • self limiting
47
Q

steven johnsons syndrome

48
Q

toxic epidermal necrolysis

A

> 30% of the epidermis is detached

-40% mortality rate

49
Q

physiology of psoriasis

A

tcells release cytokines and growth factors

  • –> abnormal growth of keratinocytes and dermal blood vessels –> papules
  • –>neutrophils and monocytes, –>inflammation
50
Q

lichen planus

A

shiny, white, lace pattern

-drugs and hep C

51
Q

lichen simplex

A

raw skin from scratching

52
Q

first degree burn

A

superficial

-still moves, everything still working, nothing open

53
Q

second degree burn

A

epidermis and dermis

  • partial thickness burn- only part of the dermis; painful, wet, blistered
  • full thickness- entire dermis; pale burn, a lot of edema, possible fluid imbalance
54
Q

third degree burn

A

into SQ tissue; may damage muscle, bone, blood vessels

-full thickness

55
Q

rule of nines

A
  • head and neck- 9%
  • each arm- 9%
  • each leg- 18%
  • front of the trunk- 18%
  • back of the trunk- 18%
  • perineum- 1%
56
Q

4 complications of burns

A

1) hemodynamic instability- hypovolemic shock
2) lung injury from smoke inhalation
3) hypermetailic response (7-14 days after the burn)
4) sepsis

Patho (10 decks)

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