Exam 3 according to Kirk Flashcards

1
Q

pyelonephritis

A

inflammation of the kidney tissues, calyces, and renal pelvises

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2
Q

acute pyelonephritis

A
  • abrupt onset
  • painful urination
  • usually from e. coli
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3
Q

chronic pyelonephritis

A
  • scarring and atrophy
  • reflux: urine going from the bladder to the ureter; gets backed up
  • ends with renal failure
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4
Q

Dominant vs. recessive autosomal polycystic kidney disease

A
  • both develop cysts on the nephrons and collecting tubules
  • both cause pain, HTN, infection from sitting urine, and hematuria
  • recessive almost always ends in renal failure
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5
Q

Normal creatinine clearance

A

85-135

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6
Q

Normal BUN

A

10-25

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7
Q

normal creatinine

A

1.2-1.5

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8
Q

cryptorchidism

A

undropped testes in children

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9
Q

prerenal AKI

A
  • blood supply to the kidney is decreased

- from shock, dehydration, vasoconstriction, clot, atherosclerosis

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10
Q

postrenal AKI

A
  • urine flow out of the kidney is blocked
  • sitting urine forms crystals and stones
  • from stones, tumors, enlarged prostate
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11
Q

intrinsic AKI

A
  • kidney tubule function is decreased

- from ischemia, toxins, intratubular obstruction

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12
Q

kidney landmark

A

costovertebral angle

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13
Q

s/s of acute glomerulonephritis

A

azotemia, oligurla, cola-colored urine

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14
Q

Goodpasture syndrome

A

antibodies on the basement membrane cause inflammatory response

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15
Q

s/s of renal failure

A

decreased urine output, fluid retention, swelling in legs, ankles, feet, drowsiness, shortness of breath, fatigue, confusion, nausea, and in severe cases, seizures and coma

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16
Q

respiratory cranial nerve

A

C7

17
Q

cardiogenic shock

A

heart suddenly can’t pump enough blood to meed body’s needs

18
Q

assessment of tonsils

A

inspect for color and consistency, grading scale (1+, 2+, 3+, 4+; small to large)

19
Q

sign of retinal detachment

A

seeing flashes and floaters, darkened peripheral vision

20
Q

Meniere’s disease

A

disorder of the inner ear that causes episodes of vertigo, progressive hearing loss, tinnitus, and sometimes a feeling of fullness or pressure in the ear

21
Q

what should you see in assessment of the ears?

A
  • pearly gray tympanic membrane
  • 7:00 cone of light on the L
  • 5:00 cone of light on the R