Exam 3 according to Kirk

Question 1

pyelonephritis

Answer 1

inflammation of the kidney tissues, calyces, and renal pelvises

Question 2

acute pyelonephritis

Answer 2

• abrupt onset
• painful urination
• usually from e. coli

Question 3

chronic pyelonephritis

Answer 3

• scarring and atrophy
• reflux: urine going from the bladder to the ureter; gets backed up
• ends with renal failure

Question 4

Dominant vs. recessive autosomal polycystic kidney disease

Answer 4

• both develop cysts on the nephrons and collecting tubules
• both cause pain, HTN, infection from sitting urine, and hematuria
• recessive almost always ends in renal failure

Question 5

Normal creatinine clearance

Answer 5

85-135

Question 6

Normal BUN

Answer 6

10-25

Question 7

normal creatinine

Answer 7

1.2-1.5

Question 8

cryptorchidism

Answer 8

undropped testes in children

Question 9

prerenal AKI

Answer 9

• blood supply to the kidney is decreased

- from shock, dehydration, vasoconstriction, clot, atherosclerosis

Question 10

postrenal AKI

Answer 10

• urine flow out of the kidney is blocked
• sitting urine forms crystals and stones
• from stones, tumors, enlarged prostate

Question 11

intrinsic AKI

Answer 11

• kidney tubule function is decreased

- from ischemia, toxins, intratubular obstruction

Question 12

kidney landmark

Answer 12

costovertebral angle

Question 13

s/s of acute glomerulonephritis

Answer 13

azotemia, oligurla, cola-colored urine

Question 14

Goodpasture syndrome

Answer 14

antibodies on the basement membrane cause inflammatory response

Question 15

s/s of renal failure

Answer 15

decreased urine output, fluid retention, swelling in legs, ankles, feet, drowsiness, shortness of breath, fatigue, confusion, nausea, and in severe cases, seizures and coma

Question 16

respiratory cranial nerve

Answer 16

C7

Question 17

cardiogenic shock

Answer 17

heart suddenly can’t pump enough blood to meed body’s needs

Question 18

assessment of tonsils

Answer 18

inspect for color and consistency, grading scale (1+, 2+, 3+, 4+; small to large)

Question 19

sign of retinal detachment

Answer 19

seeing flashes and floaters, darkened peripheral vision

Question 20

Meniere’s disease

Answer 20

disorder of the inner ear that causes episodes of vertigo, progressive hearing loss, tinnitus, and sometimes a feeling of fullness or pressure in the ear

Question 21

what should you see in assessment of the ears?

Answer 21

• pearly gray tympanic membrane
• 7:00 cone of light on the L
• 5:00 cone of light on the R