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Treatment Test > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Contact dermatitis & atopic dermatitis

A

E.g. poison ivy: Bullae (contact dermatitis); atopic dermatitis (eczema).

S&S of poison ivy: 1-2 days: swelling, red; after 3 days: small blister; then blister breaks oozing for 4 days

Treatment:

  1. Itchy: 1st gen oral antihistamines (Benadryl 25 mg OD)
  2. Inflammation: Desonide 0.5 ointment
  3. Skin barrier
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2
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis
Cause

A

Caused by abnormal response to fungus
Aggravated by humidity, season change, trauma, emotional stress

Treatment:

Ketoconazole
Short term corticosteroid

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3
Q

Psoriasis

A

Se’ raiesis

Caused by: abnormal hyper proliferation and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes, inflammation, oral vascular changes

Treatment:

  1. Keratolytics: salicylic acid: remove cell by disrupting cell adhesion
  2. Steroid: reduce inflammation
  3. Vitamin D analogues: inhibit keratonicoyes proliferation: clacipotriene: watch Hypercalcemia
  4. Tazoretene: inhibit keratinocyte proliferation
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4
Q

Vitiligo

A

Viti’laigeu

Cause: depletion 耗尽of melanocytes
Treatment: natural sunlight, topical steroids, monobezyl ether (for depigmentation)

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5
Q

If a moles that is present at birth

A

It’s most likely a benign mole

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6
Q

Mole that grow the person, usually > 1cm in adults, may become bumpy or have hair growth within the lesion

A

Congenital Nevus: benign

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7
Q

Skin cancer assessment

A

A: asymmetry
B: boarder
C: colour
D: diameter: > 6mm
E: elevation
E: evolving
F: firm

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8
Q
A

Seborrheic keratoses

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9
Q
A

Thromboses hemangioma: check if they have it before, if in doubt, biopsy.

Pigment due to blood, almost always benign

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10
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A

Smooth with area of translucency, often with telangiectasis (telan’ gek te sis)

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11
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Commonly grow slowly over months or years
Might be tender
Crusty
May bleed easily
Can become ulcer

Not usually a threat to life because metastasis is uncommon, but it appears to be lips or ear, it’s more likely to metastasis.

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12
Q

Impetigo

What pathogen causes this

A

A skin infection that caused by Staph aureus, or strep progenies

Usually a childhood condition
More common in men
Key feature: honey coloured crusted lesion
Treatment:
—–mild and localized: topical mupirocin
—–wide spread: systemic antibiotic- penicillin or clindamycin

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13
Q

Acne vulgaris

A

3 types:
Mild: Non-inflammatory: white head+ black headaches
Moderate: Inflammatory: papules, pustules, maculae’s
Severe: Cystic acne: cysts, nodules, lead to deep acne scaring

Cause of acne:
1. Hyperkeratosis+ propriobacterium (bacteria produce enzyme that attract monocyte & neurtrphil)+ excessive androgen

Treatment:
1. Topical keratolytic:
——adapelene: 0.1% gel
——Benzyl Peroxide: 2.5; 5,8,10
——Retinoic acid: 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 cream
——Azelaic acid: 20% cream

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14
Q

Macule
Patch
Papule
Plaque
Fissure
Crust
Scale
Wheal

A
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15
Q

Cellulitis

A

Oozing
Red
Swelling
Hx of skin break

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16
Q

Toenail fungus

A

Treatment:

Itraconozole (sporonax) 200mg OD for 12 weeks

Terbenafine (Lamisil) po

  • topical antifungal does not work: goal is to inhibit fungus growth
17
Q

Tinea (tinie)

A

Superficial skin fungal infection

Feet: tinea pedis: athlete foot
Groin: tinea cruris
Body: tinea corporis (ringworm)

Treatment:
Miconazole skin cream, or Canesten (Clotrimazole)

18
Q

Scabies

A

3 week life cycle

Treatment: permethrin 5% neck to toe, left on for 8 hours, and washed off, and repeat in one week

Treatment all family members and close contacts

19
Q

2-3 bites in a line (breakfast, lunch, and dinner)

A

Bedbug bite

20
Q

Molluscum contagiosum

A

Common skin infection that is self limited: takes 6-18 months to recovery; medication to treat warts can help in removing palpules

21
Q

Pityriasis rosea

A

Self limiting inflammatory disorder caused by herpes- like virus

S&S: start with one patch, then generalized rash 1-2 weeks, last for 2-6 weeks

Treatment:
—itchy: antihistamine
—corticosteroid
—erythromycin & acyclovir

22
Q
A

Herpe zoster (shingle): happen on people who had chikenpox before, virus stays in dorsal root ganglia

23
Q

Constant severe stabbing, or burning, pain that persist for at least 3 months

A

Possible postherpetic neuralgia

24
Q

Best time to use antihistamine is

A

At bedtime due to drowsiness

25
Q

Thrush

A

Nystatin 4-6mlx4

26
Q

Vulvovaginal fungal infection

A

Fluconazole 150mg po x1

27
Q

Tinea

A

Terbinafine 1% x 1-4 weeks.

28
Q

Onychomycosis

A

Lamisil 250mg OD x 12 weeks (terbifinate)

29
Q

Impetigo

A

Mupirocin 2% TID x 7 days

30
Q

Scabies

A

Permethrin 5% cream leave on 8-14 hours, then wash it. Repeat treatment 7 days after.

31
Q

Warts

A

HPV viral

Soak in warm water for 5 min
Debridement wart before treating
Treatment:
1. Salicylic acid 17% OD or BIDx 6-12 weeks
2. Cryotherapy:frozen: 4 application max q 1wk

If doesn’t work for 2 weeks, change treatment

Treatment Test (14 decks)

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