Skin Flashcards
Scabies description
red spots with silvery interlinking lines - usually in webbing of fingers/toes
Scabies Treatment
- Malathion or Permethrin twice - 1 week apart
- apply to whole body and face
- treat all family
- avoid physical contact with other members of family
- wash clothes and sheets
Head lice description
Live moving lice with white eggs distributed
Head lice non-drug treatment
wet-combing - comb for 30 minutes at 4 day intervals until no lice for 3 sessions for minimum of 2 weeks
Head lice drug treatment
- Dimeticone - leave in for 8 hours, dry naturally, repeat after 7 days
- Malathion - leave in for 12 hours, dry naturally, repeat after 7 days, avoid in severe eczema/asthma due to alcohol contents
Not recommended for head lice treatment
- benzyl benzoate
- permethrin
Head lice treatment MHRA Warning
some preparations are flammable
Eczema description
- dry, flaky skin
- small red spots
- usually in body creases
Types of eczema
- irritant
- allergic
- contact
- atopic
Eczema emollients directions for use
- apply OR as bath/shower emollients
- avoid aqueous cream due to high risk of skin reactions
Eczema topical corticosteroids on face and genitals
Mild hydrocortisone - can’t advise OTC
Antihistamines can’t be used for which type of eczema
atopic dermatitis
Treatment for mild - mod eczema
pimecrolimus
Treatment for mod - severe eczema
tacrolimus
Treatment for severe refractory eczema
systemic medication required:
- ciclosporin
- azathioprine
- mycophenolate mofetil
- MoAbs
Psoriasis description
- skin thickening and silvery white scaling, raised and larger patches/plaques
- systemic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease
- can be in joints too - psoriatic arthritis
Treatment options for psoriasis
- emollients
- topical corticosteroids
- coal tar preparations
- vitamin D (topical or analogues)
Psoriasis treatment when topicals fail
- phototherapy - UVA/UVB
- systemic tx - MTX, ciclosporin, acitretin (2nd line)
Topical corticosteroids strength from mild to very potent
- Mild = hydrocortisone - OTC 7 days
- Moderate = clobetasone
- Potent = beclomethasone
- Very potent = clobetasol
Prolonged use of corticosteroids causes?
Skin thinning
- apply thinly - 1 fingertip covers SA of hand
- don’t apply to broken skin
Acne treatment options
- benzoyl peroxide
- adapalene
- clindamycin
- lymecycline/doxycycline
- erythromycin
- isotretinoin (severe)
Isotretinoin MHRA Warnings
- rare erectile dysfunction and decreased libido
- PPP (teratogenic) - contraception 1 month before and after, each Rx limited to 30 days supply and valid for 7 days only
- risk of neuropsychiatric reactions - medical attention if mood change
- avoid UV light, laser skin tx, dermabrasion, epilation
Dandruff (seborrheic dermatitis) Treatment options
- antimicrobial - pyrithione zinc, selenium, tar extracts
- more persistent/severe = ketoconazole shampoo
- psoriasis of scalp = coal tar and salicylic acid
Hirsutism causes
hormonal or due to drugs e.g. phenytoin
Hirsutism treatment
- Weight loss in women helps
- laser therapy
- eflornithine
- co-cyprindiol
alopecia tx
finasteride or minoxidil
