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Skils checkoff #2 Flashcards

1
Q

HU

A

the trochlea (larger) of the humerus against the trochlea notch of the ulna

Humeroulnar

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2
Q

HR

A

The capitulum (smaller) of the humerus against the radial head of the radius (HR )

Humeral Radial

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3
Q

RU

norms

A

Radial Ulnar (superior/inferior)

Elbow Flexion: 0-150˚
Supination: 80˚
Pronation: 80˚

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4
Q

Goniometric Testing landmarks for elbow/wrist

A
  1. Radial/ulnar styloid process
  2. lateral epicondyle of humerus
  3. Olecranon Process
  4. Acromion Process
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5
Q

Elbow Flexion setup

A

Supine

Shoulder position neutral, elbow extended, forearm fully supinated

Stabilize humerus to prevent shoulder flexion, may use towel/pad

Test PROM flexion until resistance felt and attempts to substitute

Soft end feel normal

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6
Q

Elbow Flexion measurements

A

Center fulcrum over lateral epicondyle

Align stationary arm lateral midline of humerus, center of acromion for reference

Align moveable arm with lateral midline of radius (may use radial head/styloid process for reference)

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7
Q

Elbow Extension setup and measurement

A

same as flexion but.. Hard End feel

Extension is a return to the starting position for flexion- Normal is 0˚, if lacking full extension, then record as:
-5˚ extension

If hyperextended, record as:
5˚ extension

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8
Q

MMT

A

manual muscle testing

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9
Q

MLT

A

Muscle Length testing

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10
Q

What is in the anatomical snuff box

A

Brevis sandwich

Abductor pollicis longus

extensor pollicis brevis

extensor pollicis longus

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11
Q

Listers Tubercle

A

posterior wrist, bony landmark, more on the radial side

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12
Q

Measuring wrist extension/flexion

A

Fulcrum is on the ulnar styloid process

Normal ROM for flexion is 80. Ext is 70.

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13
Q

Planes of motion

Axis of motion

a plane moves, axis does not

A

horizontal (transverse)
frontal
sagital

Plane is the surface on which the movement occurs. Axis is the line around which the movement takes place.

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14
Q

Active insufficiency

A

muscle is shortened so it cannot be apply efficient force.

example of hip extension. when shorten(flex lower leg) you can’t extend.

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15
Q

Passive insufficiency

A

muscle is lengthened so cannot be as flexible

ex. lie on back and raise leg. if leg is straight you lengthening muscles so won’t have the same stretch compared to when you flex your lower leg and then flex upper leg.,

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16
Q

different wrist positions, what muscles are working

A

punching- brachialis

mid prone or neutral- brachioradialis

supinate- biceps brachii

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17
Q

ligaments of the wrist

A

ulnar & radial collateral- get taut by doing ulnar/radial deviation.

Dorsal radiocarpal- ulna to carpals. taut by flexing wrist

volar radiocarpal & volar ulnocarpal- wrist extension on each side

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18
Q

volar

A

means palm

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19
Q

how to feel for scaphoid

A

snuff box

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20
Q

What goes through the carpal tunnel?

A

Median nerve, FDP (flexor digitorum profundus, FDS- flexor digitorum Longus, flexor pollicus longus

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21
Q

end feel for elbow extension/flexion

A

soft when flexed, hard with extension

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22
Q

normal ROM for elbow ext/flexion

A

flexion is 150

ext is 0

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23
Q

finding radial head

A

find lateral epicondyle and then go towads hand and feel depression and after dip you have the radial head

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24
Q

Normal ROM for supination and pronation

A

80 for both

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25
testing for pronation
have patient sit, stabilze humerus at first, PROM it, hard end feel. START MID PRONE put fulcrum at ulnar styloid process, align stationary (both) with humerus, have pronate and follow with moveable arm
26
MLT for biceps brachii
if there is shortness, elbow ext will be limited when shoulder is extended lay down supine, arm of side of table. stabilize humerus, have arm at 90 and use Goni starting at 90 and have them straighten arm. If not at 90 you could be having shorten of biceps brachia
27
MLT for triceps brachii
laying supine, have patient flex shoulder up over head while you stabilize humerus
28
If you see limited range of motion
it could be due to muscle length so you would need to check MLT
29
2 muscles of biceps brachii
medial- short head lateral- long head Origin Short head: coracoid process of the scapula. Long head: supraglenoid tubercle Insertion Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis into deep fascia on medial part of forearm
30
3 heads of triceps brachia
Origin: Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head: above the radial sulcus Medial head: below the radial sulcus Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna
31
MMT on arm muscles sitting with while stabilizing shoulder
Biceps: wrist supine Brachialis: break your face, prone Brachioradialis: mid prone Triceps/Anconeus: lying supine, elbow in air, stabilize humerus, raise hand with resistance
32
wrist ROM norms
Flex- 80 ext- 70 radial deviation-20 ulnar deviation is 30
33
How to find Lunate
- first find Lesters | - then follow 2 & 3 MC's down till you hit a depression and you are on lunate
34
how to find trapezuim
follow thumb MC down until you feel gap (extensor side?)
35
how to find capitate
follow middle finger MC down and have patient flex arm down
36
how to hook of hamate
hand shake, will feel (ulnar?) nerve
37
how to find pisiform
edge of hand
38
how to find triquetrum
find styloid process of ulnar and follow till you hit the triquetrum
39
how to find trapazoid
it is a trap! cannot palpate
40
Wrist Flexion
patient seated and wrist hanging off table(prone), put fulcrum on triquetrum, have them flex down and line up movement on 5th metacarpal firm end feel
41
ROM radial & ulnar deviation
center fulcrum over capitate. align distal end of Gmeter with 3rd metacarpal
42
Muscle Length Testing: Extensor Digitorum, Extensor Indicis, Extensor Digiti Minimi for extensors fingers are fully flexed
patients sitts, arm flexed to 90 degrees, patient has flexed hand. stabilized forearm and PROM in. measure accordingly.
43
MLT for FDb flexor digitorum brevis deep and goes all the way
patient sits with arm on table. fingers fully extended and extends hand we hold all fingers
44
order of finger bones from wrist to tip
``` carpals metacarpals proximal middle distal phalanx ```
45
MCP flexion
hold PIP and flex until wrist flexes Measure: fulcrum at dorsal aspect
46
MCP Adduction
prone hand laying on table fulcrum @ dorsal MCP (knuckle) Align proximal arm over dorsal midline of metacarpal
47
PIP flexion
meter follows it, aka its not on the side
48
thumb carpometacarpal flexion and extension
Align proximal arm over palmar surface of trapezium and pisiform Align distal arm over ventral midline of first metacarpal Record difference between beginning and end positions. From 35 to 45 = 10 degrees CMC flexion
49
Thumb CMC Abduction *usually not measured
fulcrum at RSP (radial styloid process) distal prox- midline of 2nd metacarpal distal- follows thumb
50
CMC opposition
measure distance if thumb and pinky don't touch | 1st and 5th digit
51
thumb MCP flex/ext put g-meter on back of thumb
Center fulcrum over dorsal aspect of MCP joint Align proximal arm over dorsal midline of metacarpal Align distal arm over dorsal midline of proximal phalanx
52
thumb IP flexion/extension
Center fulcrum over dorsal surface of IP joint Align proximal arm over dorsal midline of proximal phalanx Align distal arm over dorsal midline of distal phalanx
53
how do you MMT FCR (flexor carpi Radialis)
sit supine and have patient flex and radial deviate
54
how do you MMT for FCU flexor carpi ulnaris
wrist flex and ulnar deviation
55
how do you test for Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus & Brevis
MMT by wrist extension and RD (radial deviation)
56
how to test for extensor carpi ulnaris
MMT wrist extension and ulnar deviation
57
how to MMT Lumbricals, Interossei, Flex Digiti Minimi Brevis
MCP flexion
58
What does PIP flexion do?
works FDS (flexor digitorum superficialus
59
DIP Flexion - Flexor Digitorum Profunds
Same position/actions as FDS, palpate FDP over palmar aspect of middle phalanx 2nd-5th fingers
60
finger extension
works ED (extensor Digitorum , EI extensor indicis EDM extensor digitorum minimi
61
Finger abduction tests which muscles?
Dorsal interossei, abd digti min
62
What are the rotator cuff muscles
Sits Supraspinatus infraspinatus Teres minor sub scapularis
63
What are the 3 motions a shoulder can do?
Flex-extension Abd-adduction Med-lateral rotation
64
full ROM of shoulder works what bones and ligaments
Humeral, scapular, and clavicular motion | ``` Glenohumeral, Sternoclavicular, Acromioclavicular, Scapulothoracic functional, not anatomical joint ```
65
ROM norms for shoulder
``` Flexion: 180˚ Extension: 60˚ Abduction: 180˚ Medial Rotation: 70˚ Lateral Rotation: 90˚ ```
66
Glenohumeral ROM
``` Flexion: 106˚ Extension: 20˚ Abduction: 128˚ Medial Rotation: 50˚ Lateral Rotation: 95˚ ```
67
Shoulder landmarks to know:
Greater tuberosity of humerus- find acromion and go down till you feel notch Bicipital groove: where anterior deltoid stops Coracobrachialis muscle: anterior delt, sensit and deep Triceps muscle (3 heads): Pectoralis major muscle: originates at clavicular head Biceps brachii muscle (both heads): Latissimus dorsi muscle:
68
How to do shoulder flexion/shoulder extension PROM first
Flex: patient supine, knees bent, stabilize thorax, fulcrum: greater tubercle flex: firm end feel Ext: prone, face turned away, firm end feel
69
Shoulder complex vs glenohumeral movement
shoulder complex- PROM, scapula moves glenohumeral- prom, and we stabilize scapula
70
shoulder aBduction
fulcrum: acromial process **start at 90 and go up
71
Shoulder internal medial rotation
** stabilize with towel, elbow off table patient at 90/90 * stabilize humerus fulcrum: olecranon distal: goes to styloid process of ulna prox: points to the ground (perpt to floor)
72
external or lateral rotation **PROM first
*** use towel** patient is prone, elbow is off the table, start at 90/90, Fulcrum; olecranon process prox: perp to floor Distal: styloid process of the ulna
73
make test is what kind of muscle contraction
isometric
74
break test is what type of muscle contraction
eccentric
75
what are the scapular elevators? and how do you MMT *remember head turns away
levator scapular, upper trap patient sits on bench, abduct straight , feel upper trap, shoulder stays at 90 and patient shrugs, (acromion to ear)
76
scapular adduction tests what *slide 31
mid trap patient lies prone
77
What innervates the deltoids
spinal accessory
78
what action does middle deltoid have?
abduction & flexion
79
what muscle does the Long Thoracic nerve innervate?
SALT Serratus Anterior
80
what muscles get worked by shoulder extension?
trees Major posterior delt Lat. Dor
81
MMT fingers
first fingers ext. then fingers flexed. take difference
82
what are the shoulder internal rotators majors are internal
Pec Major Teres major lat dors subscap
83
lady between the majors
muscles: Pec major- I: Greater tubercle latissimus Dorsis I: bicipetal groove Teres Major I: Lesser tubercle
84
what are the shoulder external rotators
Teres Minor infra spinatous supra spinatous
85
look at the ends of the muscles
*

710 (7 decks)

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