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710 > Skils checkoff #2 > Flashcards

Skils checkoff #2 Flashcards

1
Q

HU

A

the trochlea (larger) of the humerus against the trochlea notch of the ulna

Humeroulnar

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2
Q

HR

A

The capitulum (smaller) of the humerus against the radial head of the radius (HR )

Humeral Radial

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3
Q

RU

norms

A

Radial Ulnar (superior/inferior)

Elbow Flexion: 0-150˚
Supination: 80˚
Pronation: 80˚

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4
Q

Goniometric Testing landmarks for elbow/wrist

A
  1. Radial/ulnar styloid process
  2. lateral epicondyle of humerus
  3. Olecranon Process
  4. Acromion Process
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5
Q

Elbow Flexion setup

A

Supine

Shoulder position neutral, elbow extended, forearm fully supinated

Stabilize humerus to prevent shoulder flexion, may use towel/pad

Test PROM flexion until resistance felt and attempts to substitute

Soft end feel normal

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6
Q

Elbow Flexion measurements

A

Center fulcrum over lateral epicondyle

Align stationary arm lateral midline of humerus, center of acromion for reference

Align moveable arm with lateral midline of radius (may use radial head/styloid process for reference)

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7
Q

Elbow Extension setup and measurement

A

same as flexion but.. Hard End feel

Extension is a return to the starting position for flexion- Normal is 0˚, if lacking full extension, then record as:
-5˚ extension

If hyperextended, record as:
5˚ extension

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8
Q

MMT

A

manual muscle testing

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9
Q

MLT

A

Muscle Length testing

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10
Q

What is in the anatomical snuff box

A

Brevis sandwich

Abductor pollicis longus

extensor pollicis brevis

extensor pollicis longus

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11
Q

Listers Tubercle

A

posterior wrist, bony landmark, more on the radial side

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12
Q

Measuring wrist extension/flexion

A

Fulcrum is on the ulnar styloid process

Normal ROM for flexion is 80. Ext is 70.

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13
Q

Planes of motion

Axis of motion

a plane moves, axis does not

A

horizontal (transverse)
frontal
sagital

Plane is the surface on which the movement occurs. Axis is the line around which the movement takes place.

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14
Q

Active insufficiency

A

muscle is shortened so it cannot be apply efficient force.

example of hip extension. when shorten(flex lower leg) you can’t extend.

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15
Q

Passive insufficiency

A

muscle is lengthened so cannot be as flexible

ex. lie on back and raise leg. if leg is straight you lengthening muscles so won’t have the same stretch compared to when you flex your lower leg and then flex upper leg.,

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16
Q

different wrist positions, what muscles are working

A

punching- brachialis

mid prone or neutral- brachioradialis

supinate- biceps brachii

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17
Q

ligaments of the wrist

A

ulnar & radial collateral- get taut by doing ulnar/radial deviation.

Dorsal radiocarpal- ulna to carpals. taut by flexing wrist

volar radiocarpal & volar ulnocarpal- wrist extension on each side

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18
Q

volar

A

means palm

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19
Q

how to feel for scaphoid

A

snuff box

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20
Q

What goes through the carpal tunnel?

A

Median nerve, FDP (flexor digitorum profundus, FDS- flexor digitorum Longus, flexor pollicus longus

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21
Q

end feel for elbow extension/flexion

A

soft when flexed, hard with extension

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22
Q

normal ROM for elbow ext/flexion

A

flexion is 150

ext is 0

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23
Q

finding radial head

A

find lateral epicondyle and then go towads hand and feel depression and after dip you have the radial head

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24
Q

Normal ROM for supination and pronation

A

80 for both

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25
Q

testing for pronation

A

have patient sit, stabilze humerus at first, PROM it, hard end feel. START MID PRONE put fulcrum at ulnar styloid process, align stationary (both) with humerus, have pronate and follow with moveable arm

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26
Q

MLT for biceps brachii

A

if there is shortness, elbow ext will be limited when shoulder is extended

lay down supine, arm of side of table. stabilize humerus, have arm at 90 and use Goni starting at 90 and have them straighten arm. If not at 90 you could be having shorten of biceps brachia

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27
Q

MLT for triceps brachii

A

laying supine, have patient flex shoulder up over head while you stabilize humerus

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28
Q

If you see limited range of motion

A

it could be due to muscle length so you would need to check MLT

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29
Q

2 muscles of biceps brachii

A

medial- short head

lateral- long head

Origin Short head: coracoid process of the scapula.
Long head: supraglenoid tubercle

Insertion Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis into deep fascia on medial part of forearm

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30
Q

3 heads of triceps brachia

A

Origin:

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head: above the radial sulcus
Medial head: below the radial sulcus

Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna

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31
Q

MMT on arm muscles

sitting with while stabilizing shoulder

A

Biceps: wrist supine

Brachialis: break your face, prone

Brachioradialis: mid prone

Triceps/Anconeus: lying supine, elbow in air, stabilize humerus, raise hand with resistance

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32
Q

wrist ROM norms

A

Flex- 80
ext- 70
radial deviation-20
ulnar deviation is 30

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33
Q

How to find Lunate

A
  • first find Lesters

- then follow 2 & 3 MC’s down till you hit a depression and you are on lunate

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34
Q

how to find trapezuim

A

follow thumb MC down until you feel gap (extensor side?)

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35
Q

how to find capitate

A

follow middle finger MC down and have patient flex arm down

36
Q

how to hook of hamate

A

hand shake, will feel (ulnar?) nerve

37
Q

how to find pisiform

A

edge of hand

38
Q

how to find triquetrum

A

find styloid process of ulnar and follow till you hit the triquetrum

39
Q

how to find trapazoid

A

it is a trap! cannot palpate

40
Q

Wrist Flexion

A

patient seated and wrist hanging off table(prone), put fulcrum on triquetrum, have them flex down and line up movement on 5th metacarpal

firm end feel

41
Q

ROM radial & ulnar deviation

A

center fulcrum over capitate. align distal end of Gmeter with 3rd metacarpal

42
Q

Muscle Length Testing:

Extensor Digitorum, Extensor Indicis, Extensor Digiti Minimi

for extensors fingers are fully flexed

A

patients sitts, arm flexed to 90 degrees, patient has flexed hand. stabilized forearm and PROM in. measure accordingly.

43
Q

MLT for

FDb
flexor digitorum brevis

deep and goes all the way

A

patient sits with arm on table. fingers fully extended and extends hand

we hold all fingers

44
Q

order of finger bones from wrist to tip

A 
carpals
metacarpals
proximal
middle 
distal phalanx
45
Q

MCP flexion

A

hold PIP and flex until wrist flexes

Measure: fulcrum at dorsal aspect

46
Q

MCP Adduction

A

prone hand laying on table

fulcrum @ dorsal MCP (knuckle)
Align proximal arm over dorsal midline of metacarpal

47
Q

PIP flexion

A

meter follows it, aka its not on the side

48
Q

thumb carpometacarpal flexion and extension

A

Align proximal arm over palmar surface of trapezium and pisiform

Align distal arm over ventral midline of first metacarpal
Record difference between beginning and end positions.

From 35 to 45 = 10 degrees CMC flexion

49
Q

Thumb CMC Abduction

*usually not measured

A

fulcrum at RSP (radial styloid process)
distal

prox- midline of 2nd metacarpal

distal- follows thumb

50
Q

CMC opposition

A

measure distance if thumb and pinky don’t touch

1st and 5th digit

51
Q

thumb MCP flex/ext

put g-meter on back of thumb

A

Center fulcrum over dorsal aspect of MCP joint

Align proximal arm over dorsal midline of metacarpal

Align distal arm over dorsal midline of proximal phalanx

52
Q

thumb IP flexion/extension

A

Center fulcrum over dorsal surface of IP joint

Align proximal arm over dorsal midline of proximal phalanx

Align distal arm over dorsal midline of distal phalanx

53
Q

how do you MMT FCR (flexor carpi Radialis)

A

sit supine and have patient flex and radial deviate

54
Q

how do you MMT for FCU flexor carpi ulnaris

A

wrist flex and ulnar deviation

55
Q

how do you test for Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus & Brevis

A

MMT by wrist extension and RD (radial deviation)

56
Q

how to test for extensor carpi ulnaris

A

MMT wrist extension and ulnar deviation

57
Q

how to MMT Lumbricals, Interossei, Flex Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

MCP flexion

58
Q

What does PIP flexion do?

A

works FDS (flexor digitorum superficialus

59
Q

DIP Flexion - Flexor Digitorum Profunds

A

Same position/actions as FDS, palpate FDP over palmar aspect of middle phalanx 2nd-5th fingers

60
Q

finger extension

A

works ED (extensor Digitorum
, EI extensor indicis
EDM extensor digitorum minimi

61
Q

Finger abduction tests which muscles?

A

Dorsal interossei, abd digti min

62
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles

A

Sits

Supraspinatus
infraspinatus
Teres minor
sub scapularis

63
Q

What are the 3 motions a shoulder can do?

A

Flex-extension
Abd-adduction

Med-lateral rotation

64
Q

full ROM of shoulder works what bones and ligaments

A

Humeral, scapular, and clavicular motion

```
Glenohumeral,
Sternoclavicular,
Acromioclavicular,
Scapulothoracic
functional, not anatomical joint
~~~

65
Q

ROM norms for shoulder

A 
Flexion: 		180˚
Extension:		  60˚
Abduction:		180˚
Medial Rotation:	  70˚
Lateral Rotation:	  90˚
66
Q

Glenohumeral ROM

A 
Flexion: 		106˚
Extension:		  20˚
Abduction:		128˚
Medial Rotation:	  50˚
Lateral Rotation:	  95˚
67
Q

Shoulder landmarks to know:

A

Greater tuberosity of humerus- find acromion and go down till you feel notch

Bicipital groove: where anterior deltoid stops

Coracobrachialis muscle: anterior delt, sensit and deep

Triceps muscle (3 heads):

Pectoralis major muscle: originates at clavicular head

Biceps brachii muscle (both heads):

Latissimus dorsi muscle:

68
Q

How to do shoulder flexion/shoulder extension

PROM first

A

Flex:
patient supine, knees bent, stabilize thorax,
fulcrum: greater tubercle
flex: firm end feel

Ext: prone, face turned away, firm end feel

69
Q

Shoulder complex vs glenohumeral movement

A

shoulder complex- PROM, scapula moves

glenohumeral- prom, and we stabilize scapula

70
Q

shoulder aBduction

A

fulcrum: acromial process

**start at 90 and go up

71
Q

Shoulder internal medial rotation

A

** stabilize with towel, elbow off table
patient at 90/90

  • stabilize humerus
    fulcrum: olecranon
    distal: goes to styloid process of ulna
    prox: points to the ground (perpt to floor)
72
Q

external or lateral rotation

**PROM first

A

* use towel patient is prone, elbow is off the table, start at 90/90,

Fulcrum; olecranon process

prox: perp to floor

Distal: styloid process of the ulna

73
Q

make test is what kind of muscle contraction

A

isometric

74
Q

break test is what type of muscle contraction

A

eccentric

75
Q

what are the scapular elevators? and how do you MMT

*remember head turns away

A

levator scapular, upper trap

patient sits on bench, abduct straight , feel upper trap, shoulder stays at 90 and patient shrugs, (acromion to ear)

76
Q

scapular adduction tests what

*slide 31

A

mid trap

patient lies prone

77
Q

What innervates the deltoids

A

spinal accessory

78
Q

what action does middle deltoid have?

A

abduction & flexion

79
Q

what muscle does the Long Thoracic nerve innervate?

A

SALT

Serratus Anterior

80
Q

what muscles get worked by shoulder extension?

A

trees Major
posterior delt
Lat. Dor

81
Q

MMT fingers

A

first fingers ext. then fingers flexed. take difference

82
Q

what are the shoulder internal rotators

majors are internal

A

Pec Major
Teres major
lat dors
subscap

83
Q

lady between the majors

A

muscles:
Pec major- I: Greater tubercle
latissimus Dorsis I: bicipetal groove
Teres Major I: Lesser tubercle

84
Q

what are the shoulder external rotators

A

Teres Minor
infra spinatous
supra spinatous

85
Q

look at the ends of the muscles

A

*

710 (7 decks)

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