Skill Acquisition - Skill and Transfer Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the characteristics of skill

A

Consistent
Aesthetically Pleasing
Goal Directed
Learned
Adaptable
Fluent
Accurate
Co-Ordinated
Economical

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2
Q

Apply ‘consistent’ to a sporting example

A

The skill is performed repeatedly with few mistakes

e.g. A basketballer achieving a high percentage rate of success in a series of free throws

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3
Q

Apply ‘aesthetically pleasing’ to a sporting example

A

This means it looks good. Skill is performed with grace and elegance where movements are smooth and controlled

e.g. A footballer running with the ball looks graceful and controlled

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4
Q

Apply ‘goal directed’ to a sporting example

A

This means that the skill has an aim; it has a pre-determined result.

e.g. a javelin thrower knows what the perfect technique looks like; what he is trying to achieve

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5
Q

Apply ‘learned’ to a sporting example

A

You are not born able to perform skills, they need to be practiced and perfected over time.

e.g. A swimmer perfects the butterfly technique over time

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6
Q

Apply ‘adaptable’ to a sporting example

A

The environment is constantly changing in games and so movements have to be continuallyadapted.

e.g. A badminton player must adapt the technique of the smash to direct the shuttle to different parts of the court.

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7
Q

Apply ‘fluent’ to a sporting example

A

The skill involves good technique where movement is coordinated and smooth.

e.g. a gymnast coordinating movements on the floor must be controlled and fluent

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8
Q

Apply ‘accurate’ to a sporting example

A

The skill is performed with correct technique

e.g. A penalty taker strikes the ball correctly and hits the target

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9
Q

Apply ‘co-ordinated’ to a sporting example

A

A skilled performance can be executed with composure and control with all the sub-routines linked together.

e.g. During a 10m high dive, the take off, tuck and kick out are linked together correctly so the diver has minimal splash on entry.

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10
Q

Apply ‘economical’ to a sporting example

A

The skill is produced effortlessly with minimal use of energy whilst still being successful.

E.g. A sprinter with an efficient technique will conserve energy throughout the race

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11
Q

An open skill is…

A

Where the environment is unpredictable and changes frequently

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12
Q

A closed skill is….

A

Where the environment is predictable and unchanging

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13
Q

Is dribbling in open play in basketball an open or closed skill?

A

Open skill

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14
Q

Is a serve in tennis an example of an open skill or a closed skill?

A

Closed skill

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15
Q

A gross skill involves…

A

Large muscles groups and movements that are not precise

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16
Q

A fine skill involves….

A

Small muscle groups and a high degree of hand eye coordination

17
Q

A golf putt and archery are examples of what type of skill?

A

Fine skills

18
Q

A self-paced skill is…

A

Where the performer controls when the action is performed

19
Q

An externally-paced skill is…

A

Where the performer does not control when the action is performed

20
Q

Is a corner kick in football a self-paced or externally paced skill?

A

Self-paced

21
Q

Define a discrete skill

A

There is a clear beginning and end

22
Q

Define a serial skill

A

A series of linked discrete skills

23
Q

Define a continuous skill

A

There is no clear beginning or end

24
Q

Define a high organisation skill

A

The movement can NOT be easily broken down into sub-routines

25
Q

Define a low organisation skill

A

The movement can be easily broken down into sub-routines

26
Q

A simple skill….

A

Involves limited decision making

27
Q

A complex skill….

A

Involves many decisions and a high level of information processing

28
Q

Transfer is…

A

the effect of the learning and performance of one skill on the learning and performance of another skill.

29
Q

Positive transfer is when

A

The learning of one skill enhances the learning of another.

30
Q

What are 2 reasons why positive transfer occurs?

A

They involve the same actions and movements.

They involve the same decision-making components.

31
Q

Negative transfer is when…

A

The learning of one skill hinders the learning of another skill

32
Q

Why does negative transfer occur?

A

Because skills appear to be similar but are slightly different.

33
Q

Zero transfer is when…

A

The learning of one skill has no effect on the learning of another skill

34
Q

When does zero transfer occur?

A

When the two skills have no similarities and are completely different

35
Q

Bi-lateral transfer is when…

A

The learning of a skill on one side of the body benefits the learning of a skill on the other side of the body (limb to limb)