Skeleton Classification and Structure

Question 1

What is blood cell production

Answer 1

hematopoiesis

Question 2

How many bones in the human skeleton?

Answer 2

206

Question 3

What bones are part of the axial skeleton?

Answer 3

skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage (long axis of the body)

Question 4

What bones are part of the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 4

Upper and lower exterminates (limbs), pelvic and pectoral gridles (shoulders) (appendages and connective structures)

Question 5

What are some long bones?

Answer 5

humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula, metacarpals, metatarsals, phalanges

Question 6

What are some short bones?

Answer 6

most carpals and tarsals

Question 7

What bones are flat,

Answer 7

cranial bones, sternum, ribs and scapulae

Question 8

What bones are irregular?

Answer 8

vertebrae, some facial bones ( ethmoid and sphenoid, calcaneus

Question 9

What shapes are sesamoid shape?

Answer 9

patella, plantar and hallucal sesamoids

Question 10

what bones are sutural?

Answer 10

sutures in the skull

Question 11

Describe the diaphysis

Answer 11

shaft, long, cylindrical, primarily compact bones, contains medullary cavity

Question 12

describe the metaphysis

Answer 12

transition between diaphysis and epiphysis, separated by epiphyseal line and plate

Question 13

describe the epiphysis

Answer 13

flared end of a long bone, contains spongy bone, covered in articular cartilage

Question 14

describe the epiphyseal plate

Answer 14

plate of hyaline cartilage between epiphysis and metaphysis. site of bone lengthening growth. only seen in children/ adolescents/ young adults that are still growing

Question 15

describe the epiphyseal line?

Answer 15

seen in mature adults when growth ceases, line where the epiphyseal plate, separates metaphysis from epiphysis

Question 16

describe the articular cartliage

Answer 16

thin layer of hyaline cartilage over ends of epiphyses, at the joint area to reduce friction where bones meet

Question 17

describe the periosteum

Answer 17

membrane that covers outer surface of bone

Question 18

describe the medullary cavity

Answer 18

cavity within the diaphysis that contains bone marrow. Yellow bone marrow in adults, red bone marrow in children

Question 19

describe the endosteum

Answer 19

membrane that lines the medullary cavity

Question 20

What are the three types of openings l?

Answer 20

fissure, foramen, meatus

Question 21

What does a fissure look like?

Answer 21

narrow slit in bone

Question 22

What does a foramen look like?

Answer 22

opening/ hole in the bone

Question 23

What does the meatus look like?

Answer 23

tube like opening that serves as a passage way

Question 24

What are depressions?

Answer 24

usually allow formation of joins and articulation points- the fossa and sulcus

Question 25

What is the fossa?

Answer 25

shallow depression

Question 26

What is the sulcus?

Answer 26

groove alone bones surface that accommodates vessels, nerves or tendons

Question 27

What are processes?

Answer 27

projections/outgrowths on bone that form a joint or attachment points for connective tissues such as ligaments or tendons

Question 28

What are the joint forming processes

Answer 28

condyle, facet, head

Question 29

Describe the condyle

Answer 29

large, round protuberance and end of bone that sits within a depression

Question 30

describe the facet

Answer 30

smooth, flat articular surface to increase stability

Question 31

describe the head

Answer 31

rounded articular projection that fits into a socket of a joint

Question 32

What are the processes for muscle attachment?

Answer 32

crest, epicondyle, line, spinous process, trochanter, tubercle, tuberosity

Question 33

What is the crest?

Answer 33

prominent ridge or elongated projection

Question 34

what is the epicondyle?

Answer 34

projections above the condyle

Question 35

what is the line?

Answer 35

long narrow ridge or border, less prominent than the crest

Question 36

Describe what the spinous process looks like

Answer 36

sharp, slender projection

Question 37

what is the trochanter?

Answer 37

very large projection of femur

Question 38

what is the tubercle?

Answer 38

small, rounded projection

Question 39

what is the tuberosity?

Answer 39

large rounded, roughened projections