skeletal system pt1 Flashcards
(67 cards)
what are the four functions of the skeletal system?
works with the muscular system to produce movement, makes blood cells in the bone marrow of longer bones, protects the internal organs, stores calcium and other ions for the body until they are needed
the skeletal system works with the muscular system. what is it often referred to as?
the skeletomuscular system
how many categories of bones are there? how are they organized?
6; by shape
name the 6 types of bones
long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, sesamoid bones, sutural bones
describe the shape and functions of long bones
long and slender; supports the weight of the body and facilitates movement
describe the shape and functions of short bones
cuboidal/box-shaped; provides stability and some movement
describe the shape and functions of flat bones
thin with roughly parallel surfaces; provides protection for internal organs and allows for large, flat surfaces fro muscle attatchment
describe the shape and functions of irregular bones
complex shapes usually rounded triangles in shape; helps relieve tension within muscles and tendons
where are sesamoid bones founds?
found inside of tendons or near a joint
describe the shape and location of sutural bones
small, irregular bones; found between skull bones after they have fused together
how many parts is the skeletal system divided into? what are they?
2; axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
where is the axial skeleton found and what does it include?
the central axis of the body; incudes the skull, vertebral column, and ribcage
where is the appendicular skeleton found and what does it include?
found on the periphery outside of the central axis; includes all structures of the upper and lower extremities
what are the 2 functions of the skull?
protects the brain and guards the entry points to the digestive and respiratory systems
how many main parts does the skull have and what are they?
3; cranium, facial bones, mandible
what is the cranium and what is it made up of?
the top part that covers the brain; made up of 8 fused bones
when does the fusion of the cranium complete and why are we born with separate cranial bones?
at about 2 years of age; to make it easier to push out of the birth canal
what are cranial sutures? what type of bone can be found there?
the formed lines in the skull when bones fuse; sutural bones
what is the foramen magnum and where can it be found?
a large hole that allows the spinal cord to exit into the vertebral column; located at the base of the cranium
what are facial bones?
bones found in the face
what is the mandible?
the jaw
how many bones are not found in the cranium in the skull? name one and state where it can be found.
14; palatine bones found in the roof of the mouth
what are the functions of the vertebral column?
protection for the spinal cord and weight distribution to the lower extremities
how many sections are in the vertebral column and what are they?
5; cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx
