Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the seven tissues found in the skeleton?

A
  1. cartilage
  2. bone tissue
  3. epithelium
  4. nerve
  5. blood-forming tissue
  6. adipose
  7. dense connective tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the five functions of bone.

A
  1. supporting and protecting soft tissues
  2. attachment site for muscles
  3. storage of calcium & phosphorus
  4. blood cell production
  5. triglyceride storage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which type of marrow is found in the spongy bone of adults?

A

red marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of yellow marrow?

A

stores triglycerides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of red bone marrow?

A

red blood cell production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the term for red blood cell production?

A

hemopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the four types of bone cells.

A
  1. osteogenic cells
  2. osteoblasts
  3. osteocytes
  4. osteoclasts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the name for organic bone matrix?

A

osteoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is inorganic bone matrix called?

A

hydroxyapatite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which bone matrix gives bone its density?

A

hydroxyapatite (inorganic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which bone matrix is made up of collagen fibers?

A

osteoid (organic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which bone matrix is responsible for a bone’s tensile strength?

A

osteoid (organic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which bone cells are responsible for building up bone?

A

osteoblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which bone cells are the precursor to osteoblasts?

A

osteogenic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are osteocytes?

A

mature cells that no longer secrete matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which bone cells break down bone?

A

osteoclasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the four zones of bone growth?

A
  1. resting cartilage
  2. proliferating cartilage
  3. hypertrophic cartilage
  4. calcified cartilage
18
Q

Name the eight bone surface markings.

A
  1. Foramen
  2. Fossa
  3. Sulcus
  4. Meatus
  5. Condyle
  6. Facet
  7. Trochanter
  8. Tuberosity
19
Q

foramen

A

opening

20
Q

fossa

A

shallow depression

21
Q

sulcus

A

groove

22
Q

meatus

A

tubelike pasageway or canal

23
Q

condyle

A

large, round protuberance

24
Q

facet

A

smooth, flat articular surface

25
Q

trochanter

A

very large projection

26
Q

tuberosity

A

large, rounded, roughened projection

27
Q

What are the bones of the axial skeleton?

A
  1. Skull
  2. Hyoid
  3. Vertebrae
  4. Ribs
  5. Sternum
  6. Ear ossicles
28
Q

How many bones are in the axial skeleton?

A

80

29
Q

Name the five basic bone types.

A
  1. long
  2. short
  3. flat
  4. irregular
  5. sesamoid
30
Q

connective tissue surrounding bone

A

periosteum

31
Q

opening or passage in bone

A

meatus

32
Q

shelf-like projections in spongy bone

A

trabeculae

33
Q

small canals projecting from lacunae

A

canaliculi

34
Q

space in long bone containing yellow marrow

A

medullary cavity

35
Q

two rounded bumps that articulate with atlas

A

occipital condyles

36
Q

suture between occipital and parietal bones

A

lambdoidal suture

37
Q

opening in vertebrae through which spinal cord passes

A

spinal foramen

38
Q

structures that project medially into nasal cavity

A

nasal concha

39
Q

Which two bones form the nasal septum?

A

vomer and perpendicular plate

40
Q

small, delicate bone located in the medial corner of the eye

A

lacrimal bone

41
Q

the only vertebrae that has no body

A

atlas

42
Q

Which vertebrae are the ribs attached to?

A

thoracic vertebrae