Chapter 10 - Muscles

Question 1

orbicularis oris

Answer 1

circular muscle around the mouth that puckers the mouth

Question 2

orbicularis oculi

Answer 2

circular muscle that closes the eye

Question 3

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 3

strap-like muscle running diagonally up the neck from sternum and clavicle to mastoid process

Question 4

fan-shaped muscle superior to the ear

Answer 4

temporalis

Question 5

from zygomatic arch to mandible; anterior to the ear

Answer 5

masseter

Question 6

frontalis

Answer 6

covers the forehead

Question 7

rectus abdominis

Answer 7

a pair of strap like muscles which run downward just lateral to the midline of the abdomen; the “bread loaves”

Question 8

outer thin, sheet-like muscle covering the abdomen; lateral to the rectus abdominis; fibers run diagonally downward toward the midline

Answer 8

external oblique

Question 9

thin, sheet like muscle deep to external oblique; fibers run diagonally upward toward the midline

Answer 9

internal oblique

Question 10

thin sheet of muscle deep to the internal oblique; fibers run horizontally

Answer 10

transverses abdominis/transversalis

Question 11

linea alba

Answer 11

thin, tough band of connective tissue in the midline of the abdomen

Question 12

Which muscles are used in breathing?

Answer 12

diaphragm, external intercostals, internal intercostals

Question 13

Which muscles move the shoulder?

Answer 13

trapezius, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior

Question 14

large, diamond-shaped muscle on the upper dorsal surface of the upper body

Answer 14

trapezius

Question 15

dome-shaped muscle inferior to the lungs which separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal pelvic cavity

Answer 15

diaphragm

Question 16

a small muscle deep to the pectoralis major

Answer 16

pectoralis minor

Question 17

Large, fan shaped muscle on the anterior chest wall

Answer 17

pectoralis major

Question 18

large muscle and dorsal surface inferior to the trapezius

Answer 18

latissimus dorsi

Question 19

triangular muscle covering the shoulder

Answer 19

deltoid

Question 20

the most inferior of the muscles running from the scapula to the humerus; not part of rotator cuff

Answer 20

teres major

Question 21

small muscle just superior to the teres major; inserts on greater tubercle of humerus

Answer 21

teres minor

Question 22

supraspinatus

Answer 22

muscle superior to the spine of the scapula; inserts on greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 23

sarcolemma

Answer 23

muscle cell membrane

Question 24

myofibril

Answer 24

long, ribbon-like organelles

Question 25

filled with tiny threads called myofibrils & myoglobin (red-colored, oxygen-binding protein)

Answer 25

sarcoplasm

Question 26

What are the two types of smooth muscle?

Answer 26

visceral and multiunit

Question 27

involuntary contraction of single muscle

Answer 27

spasm

Question 28

a painful spasm

Answer 28

cramp

Question 29

involuntary twitching of muscles normally under voluntary control--eyelid or facial muscles

Answer 29

tic

Question 30

rhythmic, involuntary contraction of opposing muscle groups

Answer 30

tremor

Question 31

involuntary, brief twitch of a motor unit visible under the skin

Answer 31

fasciculation

Question 32

What is the fleshy portion of the muscle in between attachment sites called?

Answer 32

belly

Question 33

contracts to cause the desired action

Answer 33

prime mover or agonist

Question 34

stretches and yields to prime mover

Answer 34

antagonist

Question 35

contract to stabilize nearby joints

Answer 35

synergists

Question 36

stabilize the origin of the prime mover

Answer 36

fixators

Question 37

levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 37

opens the eye

Question 38

forms the muscular portion of the cheek & assists in whistling, blowing, sucking & chewing

Answer 38

buccinator