Skeletal System

Question 1

two primary divisions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton

Question 2

four classifications of bones according to shape

Answer 2

long bones, short bones, irregular bones, sesamoid bones

Question 3

cylindrical in shape, function as levers

Answer 3

long bones

Question 4

cube-like in shape, stability support as well as some limited motion

Answer 4

short bones

Question 5

does not have easily characterized shape

Answer 5

irregular bone

Question 6

forms the vertical, central axis of the body and includes all bones of the head, neck, and chest and back

Answer 6

axial skeleton

Question 7

consists of 126 bones and includes the free appendages and their attachments to the axial skeleton

Answer 7

appendicular skeleton

Question 8

bone that is highly vascularized and consists of red bone marrow, found at the end of long bones, are weaker and softer but more flexible

Answer 8

spongy bone

Question 9

lattice like matrix network gives the spongy bone its shape

Answer 9

trebaculae

Question 10

also known as myeloid tossue and occurs when blood vessel crowds together by the trebacular matrix and they condense

Answer 10

bone marrow

Question 11

creation of red blood cells

Answer 11

erythropoiesis

Question 12

five functions of the spongy bones

Answer 12

storage of bone marrow
site of erythropoiesis
reduce skeleton weight
adds strength and flexibility to the bone
mineral storage

Question 13

also called cortical bones, containing osteons or Haversian Systems, rough and hard with negligible gaps inside them

Answer 13

compact bones

Question 14

clotting blood when a bone breaks

Answer 14

fracture hematoma

Question 15

is created by chrondocytes from the endosteum by secreting a fibrocatilaginuos matrix

Answer 15

internal callus

Question 16

created by periosteal chondrocytes and osteoblasts

Answer 16

external callus

Question 17

type of fracture that occurs when the break between the bones is clean and maintains original position

Answer 17

stable fracture

Question 18

fracture that occurs at a 90 degree angle, impact perpendicular to the site of injury

Answer 18

transverse fracture

Question 19

fracture that leaves the bones in fragments , commonly after severe trauma

Answer 19

comminuted fracture

Question 20

fracture where the bone breaks at an angle, usually on long bones

Answer 20

oblique fracture

Question 21

fracture where the bone pierces the skin

Answer 21

compound fracture

Question 22

also know as stress fracture annd is a result of reptitive movement

Answer 22

hairline fracture

Question 23

a break at the site where bone attaches to a tendon or ligament because the tendon or ligament pulls of the part of the bone it’s attached to

Answer 23

avulsion fracture

Question 24

a portion of the bone breaks but not completely through

Answer 24

greenstick fracture

Question 25

fracture when a bone is wrenched by the forceful rotation or twisting of a limb

Answer 25

spiral fracture

Question 26

bone disorder where bone formation and bone resorption are unbalanced causing bone to become less dense, brittle and prone to fracture

Answer 26

osteoporosis

Question 27

a chronic inflammatory joint disease which include cartilage erosion, joint space narrowing and hypertrophic bone changes

Answer 27

osteoarthritis

Question 28

chronic systematic inflammatory disease whose hallmark feature is persistent symmetric polyarthritis that affects the hand and feet

Answer 28

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 29

spinal curvature where the spine curves significantly inward at the lower back

Answer 29

lordosis

Question 30

abnormally rounded upper back

Answer 30

kyphosis

Question 31

has a sideways curve to the spine

Answer 31

scoliosis