Skeletal System

Question 1

What are the functions of the skeleton

Answer 1

Shape 
Support 
Protection 
Movement 
Blood cell production

Question 2

What are the four types of bones

Answer 2

Flat bone
Long bone
Short bone
Irregular bone

Question 3

What is the definition of a joint

Answer 3

A joint is the connection point between two bones where movement occurs

Question 4

What are the three types of joints

Answer 4

Synovial - freely moveable
Slightly moveable
Immovable

Question 5

What are the six types of synovial joints

Answer 5

Hinge joint 
Ball and socket joint 
Condyloid joint 
Pivot joint 
Saddle joint 
Gliding joint

Question 6

What is a hinge joint and an example

Answer 6

A hinge joint is when the joint acts like a door hinge allowing the joint to have flexion and extension

Example - elbow or knee

Question 7

What is a saddle joint and an example

Answer 7

Where the thumb meets the wrist the bones it fits up against each other like a saddle fits a horse

Example - thumb

Question 8

What is a pivot joint and an example

Answer 8

A pivot joint is when the vertebrae in your neck allows you to move your head side to side

Question 9

What is a glide joint and an example

Answer 9

A gliding joint is when it can move in any direction

Example - bones in hand - carpals and metacarpals

Question 10

What is a Condyloid joint and an example

Answer 10

It is a joint that allows circular movement. In this joint the ball rests against the end of a bone rather than inside the socket

Example - carpals of the wrist resting against radius bone of the forearm

Question 11

What is a ball and socket joint and an example

Answer 11

A ball and socket joint is when one bone that ends in a ball shape sits in a socket shaped bone. It allows a wide range of movements

Example - hip or shoulder

Question 12

What are the three types of connective tissue

Answer 12

Tendons
Ligaments
Cartilage

Question 13

What does a tendon hold together and it which area of the body

Answer 13

It joins muscles to bone

Example - biceps to humerous

Question 14

What does cartilage protect and where is it found in the body

Answer 14

It protects the end of a joint, it provides protection and shock absorption

Example - ear

Question 15

What does a ligament join together and where is it found in the body

Answer 15

It joins bone to bone

Example - femur

Question 16

What is flexion

Answer 16

Flexion occurs in a hinge joint, it is the decrease of the joint

Question 17

What is extension

Answer 17

Extension occurs at a hinge joint, is is the increase of the angle at a joint

Question 18

What is adduction

Answer 18

Adduction occurs at a ball and socket joint, it is when you bring the bone back to the body

Question 19

What is abduction

Answer 19

Abduction occurs at a ball and socket joint, it is taking the bone away from the body

Question 20

What is rotation

Answer 20

Rotation occurs at most joints, it is circular movement at a joint

Question 21

In what sports would you use rotation

Answer 21

Swimming - front crawl

Question 22

In what sports would you use flexion and extension

Answer 22

When you are passing a ball in netball

Question 23

What sports would you use abduction and adduction

Answer 23

In tennis when you are hitting the ball

Question 24

Name the twelve muscles in the body

Answer 24

Trapezium 
Deltoid 
Pectoralis major 
Triceps 
Biceps
Latissimus Doris 
Erector spinae 
Abdominals
Gluteus maximus 
Quadriceps 
Hamstrings 
Gastrocnemius

Question 25

What are the three types of muscles

Answer 25

Involuntary Voluntary Cardiac

Question 26

What is an involuntary muscle and where is it found

Answer 26

It is found in and around organs such as the intestines and around blood vessels It works without you consciously controlling it or even being aware of it

Question 27

What is a cardiac muscle and where is it found

Answer 27

It is a special muscle with forms the walls of the heart chamber. It is a type of involuntary muscle as it contracts without conscious thought or effort. As long as the heart is healthy, cardiac muscle never gets tired

Question 28

What is a voluntary muscle and where is it found

Answer 28

It is a type of muscle responsible for moving your arm and legs It is attached to bone It moves the bone under you conscious control It receives signals from your conscious brain via your nervous system

Question 29

What is an origin (pe)

Answer 29

This is the end of the muscle attached to the fixed bone (the bone that stays still during movement)

Question 30

What is and insertion (pe)

Answer 30

This is the end of the muscle attached to the moving bone

Question 31

What is the prime mover (pe)

Answer 31

This it the muscle that initially contracts to start a movement (also known as the agonist)

Question 32

What is the antagonist (pe)

Answer 32

This is the muscle that relaxes to allow a movement to take place

Question 33

What is an antagonistic pair (pe)

Answer 33

This is the term used to describe how muscles work in pairs and with each other to produce movement (biceps and triceps)

Question 34

Name the 19 bones

Answer 34

``` Cranium - head Clavicle - collar bone Scapula - shoulder blades Humerous - top arm Ulna - front bottom arm Radius - back bottom arm Phalanges - finger tips Metacarpals - middle finger Carpals - end finger Rib cage Sternum Pelvis Femur - thigh Patella - knee Tibia - shin Fibula - calf Phalanges - tip of toe Metatarsals - middle toe Tarsals - end toe ```