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Radiographic Pathology > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

A vertebra that has characteristics of the spinal column above and below is considered a _____.

A

Transitional vertebra

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2
Q

A splitting of a bony neural canal is referred to as _____.

A

Spina bifida

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3
Q

The most common form of dwarfism is _____, which is the result of diminished proliferation of cartilage in the growth plate.

A

Achondraplasia

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4
Q

When the spine curves in a lateral direction, it is known as _____.

A

Scoliosis

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5
Q

The two special types of bone cells are the _____ and _____.

A

osteoblast, osteoclast

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6
Q

_____ is characterized pathologically by loss of joint cartilage and reactive new bone formation.

A

Osteoarthritis

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7
Q

_____ is inflammation of the small fluid-filled sac located sac located near the joint, the purpose of which is to reduce friction caused by movement.

A

Bursitis

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8
Q

A deep soft tissue swelling with obliteration or displacement of the fat pads and subtle metaphysical lucencies describes

A

Osteomyelitis

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9
Q

The most common metabolic disease of the skeletal system is _____ disease, which affects both osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

A

Paget’s Disease

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10
Q

An _____ bone cyst contains numerous blood-filled arteriovenous communications.

A

Aneurysmal

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11
Q

The continuous external bridge of calcium deposit that extends across a fracture line is _____.

A

Callus

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12
Q

A fracture that may heal in a faulty position, resulting in a impairment of function, is called _____.

A

Malunion

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13
Q

_____ is chronic systemic disease of unknown cause, usually occurring in the small joints of the hands and feet.

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

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14
Q

cotton-wool skull appearance

A

Paget’s disease

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15
Q

a cleft in the pars interarticularis between the superior and inferior articular processes in the vertebra

A

Spondylolisthesis

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16
Q

a deposit of uric acid in the joint

A

gout

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17
Q

a malignant tumor of cartilaginous origin that may originate anew or within a preexisting cartilaginous lesion

A

chondrosarcoma

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18
Q

abnormal decrease in bone density due to lack of calcium deposits

A

osteoporosis

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19
Q

arises in the bone marrow of long bones and affects young adults

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

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20
Q

benign bone projection with a cartilaginous cap

A

osteochondroma

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21
Q

brittle bone disease

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

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22
Q

caused by vitamin deficiency in children

A

rickets

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23
Q

classic “sunburst” pattern with elevated periosteum

A

osteogenic sarcoma

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24
Q

degenerative arthritis

A

osteoarthritis

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25
Q

failure of cartilage to form properly, resulting in dwarfism

A

achondroplasia

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26
Q

infection of the bone and its marrow

A

osteomyelitis

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27
Q

inflammation of the fluid-filled sac usually due to repeated physical activity

28
Q

lack of neural tube closure

A

spina bifida

29
Q

marble bone disease

A

osteopetrosis

30
Q

most commonly affects the thoracic and lumbar spine with poorly marginated bone destruction often associated with an abscess

A

Potts’s disease

31
Q

proliferation of fibrous tissue in the medullary cavity

A

fibrous dysplasia

32
Q

rupture of central nucleus pulposua, most frequently L4-L5

A

herniated intervertebral disk

33
Q

true fluid-filled area surrounded by a fibrous wall

A

unicameral bone cyst

34
Q

bone response to repeated stresses

35
Q

composed of more that two fragments

A

comminuted

36
Q

discontinuity between two or more fragments

37
Q

disruption of overlying skin

38
Q

encircles the bone shaft

39
Q

fracture healing process stops

40
Q

fragment torn from bony prominence

41
Q

incomplete fracture with the opposing cortex intact

A

greenstick

42
Q

occurs at the right angle to the long axis of the bone

A

transverse

43
Q

overlying skin is intact

44
Q

runs approximately 45 degrees to the bone

45
Q

separation of bone fragments

46
Q

ankle dislocation with fractured malleoli

47
Q

avulsion fracture at the base of fifth metatarsal

48
Q

avulsion fracture of the spinous process

A

clay shoveler’s

49
Q

C2 fracture of the arch, usually associated with anterior subluxation of C2-C3

A

hangman’s

50
Q

comminuted fracture of the ring of the atlas

A

Jefferson’s

51
Q

isolated fracture of the ulna with associated dislocation of the radius in the elbow

A

Monteggia’s

52
Q

transverse fracture of the lumbar vertebra

53
Q

transverse fracture of the neck of the fifth metacarpal

54
Q

transverse fracture of the waist of the this carpal bone

55
Q

transverse fracture through the distal radius with dorsal angulation

56
Q

bone formation from cartilage

A

ossification

57
Q

connective tissue bone formation

A

intramembranous ossification

58
Q

dense structureless outer bone

A

compact bone

59
Q

end of the shaft where the bone flares and becomes the epiphysis

A

metaphysis

60
Q

ends of long bones where growth occurs

61
Q

fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of the bone

A

periosteum

62
Q

ossification of flat bones on their outer surface

A

appositional growth

63
Q

membrane that lines the medullary cavity

64
Q

portion of bone where blood production occurs

A

medullary cavity

65
Q

re-absorbing bone cell enlarging the diameter of the medullary cavity

A

osteoclasts

66
Q

shaftlike portion of bone

67
Q

area that contains trabeculae

A

spongy bone

Radiographic Pathology (5 decks)

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