Hepatobiliary System Flashcards
Abnormal calificaton located in the gallbladder and bilary tree
Cholelithiasis
At least 20% of all person in U.S developing ___ by 65 years of age. Anyone over the age of 40 is at risk for developing this.
Gallstones
Actue inflammation of the gallbladder. Obstruction of cystic duct causes injury to the wall allowing bacteria to enter. Bile accumulates within gallbladder and irritates the walls.
Acute Cholecystitis
Chronic porcelain GB thicken the wall and becomes calcified
Chronic Cholecystisis
Acute infection of the gallbladder caused by gas-forming bacteria organism. Usually affected by elderly men and poorly controlled diabetes
Emphysematous cholecystitis
Extensive calcification in the gallbladder walls forms density in the size and shape of the gallbladder. This occurs after years of chronic cholecystitis and can lead to cancer.
Porcelain Gallbladder
Gallbladder may have two internal septum, body is narrow in the middle, may have a fundus folds over body, or a cystic dilation of hepatic or bile ducts of liver
Congenital Anomalies of the Gallbladder
Inflammation of liver cells, Most prevalent inflammatory disease of the liver. May cause jaundice, cirrhosis, hepaocelluar carcinoma.
Hepatitis
transmitted in digestive tract from oral/fecal contact.
Hepatitis A
More susceptible, blood or blood borne, sexual contact
Hepatitis B
Chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis & hepatocelluar carcinoma, blood transfusion, sexual contact
Hepatitis C
ingestion of food or water contaminated with fecal material
Hepatitis E
Chronic destruction of liver cells & struction with nodular regeneration. Major cause is chronic alcoholism
Cirrhosis of the Liver
Primary type of cancer that arises from cancer within the liver cell carcinoma. Has large central mass and small nodules. Patients having cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis B or C will develop this cancer.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Most common malignant tumor involving the liver. The cancer may have process from the colon, pancreas, stomach , lungs or breast.
Hepatic Metastases
Yellowish discoloration of the skin and white eyes. Excessive bilibrubin in the blood. It is not a disease but a sign of a disease.
Jaundice
This pathology has a series of complications: edema, ascites, portal hypertension, impaired liver function, splenomegaly, esophageal varices, jaundice & gynecomastia.
Cirrhosis
Benign neoplasm of poorly formed blood vessels. Well-defined solitary tumor usually found in women.
Hepatic Hemangioma
Inflammation of pancreatic tissue. emzyms become activated within pancreas and begin to digest itself. Wcessive alcohol consumption or obstruction by gallstones or tumors
Acute Pancreatitis
Frequent intermittent injury to the pancreas. Generally results from chronic alcohol abuse. Scarring tissue leads to the calcification of the pancreatic head
Chronic Pancreatitis
Located fluid collection, walled off small cavity. Arises from inflammation, necrosis, hemorrhage associated with acute pancreatic or trauma.
Pancreatic Pseduocyst
This pathology has three easily identifiable symptoms: pain, malabsorption, diabetes
Chronic Pancreatitis
This pathology includes: hemorrhagic pancreatitis, Pseudocysts, Mal-absorption syndrome, Abscess, and Jaundice.
Acute Pancreatitis
A type of cancer that develops on the head of the pancreas. Adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis.. Narrowing of distal common bile duct on ERCP, changes the duodenal C-loop on barium studies
Pancreatic Carcinoma
Free air in the peritoneal cavity. Perforation of gas-containing viscus. Accumulates beneath the domes of diaphragm.
Pneumoperitoneum
Enlargement of the spleen causes displacement of the stomach and a downward displacement of left kidney & splenic flexure.
Splenomegaly
Symptoms include portal hypotension, hemolytic anemia, and lymphoma or leukemia or infection
Splenomegaly
Trauma or complication of a enlarged spleen due from infection or leudemia. Surgery is required due to rapid loss of blood into the abdominal cavity
Splenic Rupture
