Pathology Terms Flashcards
PPE stands for
Personal protective equipment
Alteration in the DNA structures that may become permanent hereditary change
Mutation
Manifests when a person is homozygous for the trait
Recessive gene
Always produces an effect
Dominant gene
44 chromosomes other than X and Y
Autosomes
Genetic information contained in the nucleus of each cell
Hereditary process
Reflects the number of deaths by disease per population
Mortality
Rate that an illness or abnormality occurs
Morbidity
Study of determinants of disease events in the given populations
Epidemiology
Extensiveness of tumor at the primary site. Presence or absence of metastases to lymph nodes and distant organs
Staging
Assessment of aggressiveness or degree of malignancy
Grading
Malignant tumor that has invaded the circulatory system and travel as neoplastic emboli
Hematogenous spread
Major route by which carcinoma metastasizes
Lymphatic spread
Highly malignant tumor originating from connective tissue
Sarcoma
Undifferentiated cell growth - without form
Anaplastic
Malignant neoplasm of epithelial cell origin
Carcinoma
Malignant neoplasms that travel to distant sites
Metastasize
Neoplastic growth that invades and destroys adjacent structures
Malignant
Growth that closely resembles the cells of origin in structure and function
Benign
Study of neoplasms
Oncology
Ungoverned abnormal proliferation of cells
Neoplasia
Loss of uniformity of individual cells and their architectural orientation
Dysplasia
Increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ
Hyperplasia
Increase in the size of the cells of a tissue or organ in response to a demand for increased function
Hypertrophy
Reduction in the size or number of cells in an organ or tissue, with a corresponding decrease in function
Atrophy
Accumulation of blood trapped within body tissue
Hematoma
Implies rupture of a blood vessel
Hemorrhage
Localized area of ischemic necrosis. a blockage either arterial or venous
Infarct
Interference of blood supply to an organ; deprives cells and tissues of oxygen and nutrients
Ischemia
Localized lymphatic obstruction resulting in localized edema
Elephantiasis
Generalized edema that occurs with pronounced swelling of subcutaneous tissues throughout the body
Anasarca
Accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces or body cavities
Edema
Potential involvement of other organs and tissues in the body by organisms invading the blood vessels
Bacteremia
Localized, usually encapsulated, collection of fluids
Abscess
Thick, yellow fluid called pus
Proyenic bacteria
Fibrous scar replaces destroyed tissue
Granulation tissue
Allows fluids/cells to pass from one tissue to another tissue or location
Permeable membrane
Initial response of the issue to local injury
Inflammation
Underlying cause is unknown
Idiopathic
Infections contracted in a public setting outside of the acute care facility
Community-acquired infections
Infections contracted in the acute care facility
Nosocomial infections
Disease caused by physician or treatment
Iatrogenic
Feelings that the patient describes. Very subjective
Symptoms
Measurable or objective manifestations
Signs
