Skeletal system

Question 1

Classification of bones

Answer 1

long bones
Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones
Sesamoid bones

Question 2

Long bones

Answer 2

allow movement, support and red blood cell production
E.g. femur, humerus, tibia, radius, ulna

Question 3

Short bones

Answer 3

fine or small movements, shock absorption, stability and weight bearing
E.g. carpels, tarsels

Question 4

Flat bones

Answer 4

attached for muscles and protection
E.g. sternum, scapular, pelvis and cranium

Question 5

Irregular bones

Answer 5

protection, movement and spinal cord
E.g. vertebrae

Question 6

Sesamoid bones

Answer 6

protection and reduction of friction across a joint
E.g. patella and wrist

Question 7

Neutral spine

Answer 7

S shape
Good posture
Vertical from front veiw

Question 8

Kyphosis

Answer 8

Excessive outward curvature in the thoracic region
Causes bad posture

Question 9

Scoliosis

Answer 9

Abnormal curvature to left or right in the thoracic region
Found in children

Question 10

Ossification

Answer 10

Development of bone from the cartilage

Question 11

Osteoclats

Answer 11

where the bone breaks down

Question 12

Osteoblasts

Answer 12

which is the building of the bone, stronger with exercise

Question 13

Epiphyseal plates

Answer 13

ends of bone contain growing areas, allow the bone to grow longer, continues throughout childhood till maturity

Question 14

Epiphyseal line

Answer 14

Fuses with the main shaft

Question 15

In the embryo

Answer 15

made up of cartridge and is firm but elastic

Question 16

Mature bones

Answer 16

hard, rigid, non elastic materials, strong and light

Question 16

Young person

Answer 16

development of one from the cartilidge, ossification

Question 17

Functions of skeleton

Answer 17

Protection
Storage of minerals
Leverage
Weight bearing

Question 18

Fixed joint (fibrous)

Answer 18

immovable joints that interlock or overlap during early childhood, held together with fibrous strong tissue, cranium

Question 19

Slightly moveable (cartilaginous)

Answer 19

allow slight movement, end of bones are smooth and shiny covering, reduces friction between the bones, between veretbre

Question 20

Moveable (synovial)

Answer 20

freely moveable joints, vital to all sporting movements, always have a synovial cavity or space between the bones, joint fluid lubricates the joint, elbow

Question 21

Synovial fluid

Answer 21

lubricates and reduces friction of the joint

Question 22

Synovial membrane

Answer 22

contains and releases synovial fluid

Question 23

Articulate cartilage

Answer 23

prevent bones from rubbing and acts as a shock absorber

Question 24

Joint capsule

Answer 24

surrounds he synovial joint it protects and stabilises the joint

Question 25

Ligament

Answer 25

joins bone to bone, they stabilise the joint

Question 26

Bursa

Answer 26

fluid filled sac that provides a cushion between the tendons and reduces bone friction

Question 27

Responses of the skeletal system to a single sport or exercise session

Answer 27

Synovial fluid protection Uptake of minerals Increased pliability of ligaments

Question 28

Adaptations of the skeletal system to exercise

Answer 28

increased bone density and strength Increased ligament strength Increased thickness of articulation cartilage

Question 29

Arthritis

Answer 29

causes pain and stiffness in the joint Inflammation within a synovial joint Bones rub together and reduces cartilage tissue E.g. causes osteoporosis

Question 30

Osteoporosis

Answer 30

increased age - the bones weaken Caused by loss of calcium / vitamin D Exercise reduces weakness of bones