Skeletal System

Question 1

6 different functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

Support
Posture
Protection
Movement
Making blood cells
Mineral storage

Question 2

What does support of the skeleton do?

Answer 2

Skeleton is a rigid bone frame for the rest of the body, it SUPPORTS the soft tissues like skin and muscles

Question 3

What does posture do?

Answer 3

Skeleton gives our body the correct shape, which gives you good posture.
For example, good posture aids performance in gymnastics

Question 4

What does protection do?

Answer 4

Bones are tough and they protect vital organs, which allows you to perform well in sport without fear of serious injury

Question 5

What does movement help?

Answer 5

Muscles, attached to bones by tendons, can move bones at joints. This is essential for good performance.
Different types of movement at various joints

Question 6

Making blood cells?

Answer 6

Some bones contain bone marrow, which makes components of blood, like red blood cells, which are important during exercise as they transport oxygen to muscles so they can move.

Question 7

Mineral storage?

Answer 7

Bones store minerals (calcium and phosphorus) which help with bone strength, less likely to break a bone, and muscle contraction, so the body can move

Question 8

Bones of the head and torso?

Answer 8

Cranium
Vertebrae
Sternum
Ribs
Scapula
Clavicle
Pelvis

Question 9

Bones of the arms and hands

Answer 9

Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges

Question 10

Bones of leg and feet

Answer 10

Femur
Fibula
Tibia
Patella
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges

Question 11

What is a joint?

Answer 11

Any point where two bones meet

Question 12

What is a synovial joint?

Answer 12

A joint that allows a wide range of movement and has a joint capsule enclosing it

Question 13

What are the ball and socket joints?

Answer 13

Hip and shoulder

Question 14

What are the two hinge joints?

Answer 14

Knee and elbow

Question 15

What are ligaments?

Answer 15

They hold bones together to restrict how much joints move, which helps maintain stability of skeleton and prevents dislocation. These are made of tough and fibrous tissue.

Question 16

What are tendons?

Answer 16

They attach muscles to bones (or muscles) to allow bones to move when muscles contract

Question 17

What is cartilage?

Answer 17

Acts as a cushion between bones to prevent damage during movement and aids the stability of the joint

Question 18

The structure of a synovial joint?

Answer 18

•Bones are held together by ligaments.
•Ends of the bones are covered with cartilage and are shaped so they can fit together and move smoothly.
•Synovial membrane releases synovial fluid into the joint capsule to lubricator the joint for easier movement.

Question 19

What is flexion?

Answer 19

Closing a joint (the wrist movement during a basketball throw)

Question 20

What is extension?

Answer 20

Opening a joint (kicking a football)

Question 21

What is rotation?

Answer 21

Clockwise or anti-clockwise movement (the leg movement during a turnout in ballet)

Question 22

What is circumduction?

Answer 22

Movement of a limb, hand or foot in a circular motion (bowling a cricket ball over arm)

Question 23

What is abduction?

Answer 23

Moving away from an imaginary centre line (taking back a tennis racket and swinging it)

Question 24

What is adduction?

Answer 24

Moving towards an imaginary centre line (swinging a golf club)

Question 25

What causes increased bone density?

Answer 25

The long term effects of exercise on the skeletal system
It prevents osteoporosis

Question 26

How do you increase bone density?

Answer 26

Weight-bearing exercise and resistance exercise