skeletal system

Question 1

What makes up the skeleton

Answer 1

the skeleton is made up of 206 bones and is held together by joints and ligaments

Question 2

type of connective tissue

Answer 2

bone and cartilage

Question 3

Bone

Answer 3

hard with blood vessels flowing through it , makes up the bulk of the skeleton and is surrounded by calcium phosphate and collagen

Question 4

Cartilage

Answer 4

flexible and elastic has no blood vessels running through them and make up areas such as the ears and nose and supports in shock absorption and reduces friction

Question 5

functions of the skeleton

Answer 5

movement, protection, support, breathing , production of red blood cells

Question 6

Axial skeleton

Answer 6

Skull, vertebral column , ribs and sternum

Question 7

appendicular skeleton

Answer 7

arms and legs ( pentadactyl limbs)

Question 8

forelimb

Answer 8

pectoral girdle, humerus , radius(outside), ulna( inside) , carpals , metacarpals , phalanges

Question 9

Hindlimb

Answer 9

pelvic girdle, femur , tibia(inside), fibula(outside), tarsals, metatarsals ,phalanges

Question 10

Types of joints

Answer 10

fixed joint- held together by fibrous tissue which allows no movement
partially moveable- bones are separated by cartilage pads which allow slight movement
moveable - surface is covered with synovial fluid which fills the joints between bones

Question 11

types of moveable joints

Answer 11

hinge- moves on one plane eg. elbow
ball and socket - allows movement on all planes eg. shoulder

Question 12

tendons

Answer 12

attaches muscle to bone and is non elastic and strong. when the muscle contracts the bone moves immediately

Question 13

Ligaments

Answer 13

attaches bone to bone however this is elastic and holds bone together and prevents dislocation

Question 14

types of muscle

Answer 14

skeletal - specialised tissue that attaches to bones and allows movement
smooth- located in the interior structures such as digestive track and blood vessels
cardiac muscle- associated with the heart

Question 15

movement

Answer 15

to move about or move part of your body

Question 16

antagonistic muscles

Answer 16

flexor muscle- bends when it contracts
extensor muscle - straightens when relaxed
origin - point that joins the muscle to the bone that does not move
insertion - point that joins the muscle to the bone that does move

Question 17

eg of antagonistic muscle

Answer 17

forearm, bicep is the flexor and triceps is extensor

Question 18

the effects of exercise on the skeletal system

Answer 18

improve muscle tone, increased synovial fluid , growth in muscle

Question 19

factors that have a bad affect on the skeletal system

Answer 19

obesity, poor posture which causes back pain and fatigue or even curvature of the spine , poor foot wear like high heels which shorten the calf muscle by placing pressure on knees

Question 20

why humans need locomotion

Answer 20

to et food, to mate , for work, exercise, survival