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Anatomy > skeletal system > Flashcards

skeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

amount of bones in the body

A

206

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2
Q

are bones organs

A

yes

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3
Q

what are bones made of

A

dells, protein fibers, and minerals

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4
Q

what are the two divisions of the skeletal system

A

axial and appendicular

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5
Q

axial skeleton bones

A

vertebral column
bony thorax
skull

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6
Q

what is in the vertebral column

A

vertebrae
sacrum
coccyx

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7
Q

what is in the bony thorax

A

ribs
sternum

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8
Q

what is in the skull

A

cranium
xiphoid process
facial bones

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9
Q

how many bones are in the vertebral column

A

33 before birth
then some fuse later on to form 26 separate bones

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10
Q

how many bones in each vertebrae

A

cervical vertebrae: 7
thoracic vertebrae: 12
lumbar vertebrae: 5
sacrum: 5 fused vertebrae
coccyx: 4 fused vertebrae

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11
Q

1st vertebrae name

A

atlas

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12
Q

2nd vertebra name

A

axis/ C2

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13
Q

thoracic vertebrae

A

they articulate with the ribs and have a long spiny look that hooks downward

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14
Q

lumbar vertebrae

A

much larger than any other vertebrae so it can support the upper body

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15
Q

cervical vertebrae

A

located in the neck, the smallest and lightest vertebrae in the body

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16
Q

the rib cage

A

has 12 pairs of ribs with three types:
true ribs
false ribs
floating ribs

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17
Q

true ribs

A

pairs 1-7 which direct anteriorly to the sternum connecting by cartilage

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18
Q

false ribs

A

pairs 8-12 articulate indirectly or not at all

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19
Q

floating ribs

A

they do not connect at all

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20
Q

3 parts of the sternum

A

manubrium, the body, and xiphoid process

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21
Q

what is the skull formed by

A

cranium and facial bones that connect by immovable joints

22
Q

nyoid bone

A

no direct articulation to another bone but provides attachment for muscles of the mouth and throat

23
Q

what has the smallest bones in the body

A

auditory ossicles; (malleus, incus, and stapes)

24
Q

appendicular skeleton bones

A

pectoral (shoulder) girdle
upper limbs
pelvic (hip) girdle
lower limbs

25
Q

pectoral (shoulder) girlde

A

collar bones
shoulder bones

26
Q

upper limbs

A

arms
hands

27
Q

pelvic (hip) girdle

A

coxal bones

28
Q

lower limbs

A

legs
feet

29
Q

specific bones in pectoral girdle

A

clavicle, scapula

30
Q

specific bones in the upper limbs

A

humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges

31
Q

specific bones in the pelvic girdle

A

ilium, ischium, pubis

32
Q

specific bones in the lower limbs

A

femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

33
Q

clavicle

A

commonly called the collar bone

34
Q

scapula

A

called the shoulder blade

35
Q

what is the thigh bone

A

femur

36
Q

what is the kneecap

A

patella

37
Q

what is the large bone in the lower legs; sometimes called the shin bone

A

tibia

38
Q

what is the smaller bone in the lower leg; forms the lateral ankle

A

fibula

39
Q

shapes of bones

A

long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid

40
Q

two basic types of bones

A

compact
spongy

41
Q

compact bone definition

A

dense and looks smooth, it is also homogeneous.
surrounds spongy bone at the end and runs along the shaft surrounding the medullary cavity

42
Q

spongy bone definition

A

composed of small pieces of bone and lots of open space, found at the end of long bones

43
Q

the microscopic anatomy of the bone

A

composed of a hard mineral salts and reinforced with collagen fibers

44
Q

mature bone cells are called what

A

osteocytes

45
Q

osteocytes

A

found in tiny cavities within the matrix called lacunae

46
Q

2 primary gross anatomical features of long bone

A

diaphysis
epipysis

47
Q

diaphysis

A

the shaft; composed of compact bone

48
Q

epiphysis

A

the ends of the bone; composed mostly of spongy bone

49
Q

bone markings are bumps, holes, and ridges where

A

muscles, tendons, and ligaments are attached . where blood vessels and nerves pass

50
Q

two categories of bone markings

A

projections/processes
depressions/cavities

51
Q

depressions or openings

A

meatus
fossa
foramen

52
Q

projections

A

tuberosity
trochanter
tubercle
process
condyle

Anatomy (7 decks)

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