Skeletal System Flashcards
the bones of the skull, vertebral column, thorax, and sternum
Axial Skeleton
bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
dense and looks smooth and homogeneous
Compact Bone
composed of small needle like pieces of bone and lots of open space
Spongy Bone
longer than they are wide
Long Bones
cube shaped and contain mostly spongy bone
Short bones
thin, flattened, and usually curved
Flat bones
bone that doesn’t fit the preceding categories
irregular bones
elongated shaft of a long bone
Diaphysis
double layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes the bone
Periosteum
thin line of bony tissue spanning the epiphysis that looks a bit different from the rest of the bone in that area
Epiphyseal Line
blood filled swelling
Hematoma
encloses and protects the fragile brain tissue
Cranium
most posterior bone of the cranium
Occipital Bone
the spine, formed of a number of individual bones called vertebrae and two composite bones
Vertebral Column
series of small bones forming the backbone
Vertabrea
the discs of fibrocartilage between the vertebrae
intervertebral discs
form the neck region of the spine
Cervical Vertebrae
larger than the cervical verebrae and are all typical
Thoracic Vertebrae
have massive blocklike bodies
Lumbar Vertebrae
formed by the fusion of five vertebrae
Sacrum
formed from the fusion of three to five tiny, irregularly shaped vertebrae
Coccyx
typical flat bone and the result of the fusion of three bones
Sternum
form the walls of the bony thorax
Ribs
slender, doubly curved bone (collar bone)
Clavicle
triangular and are commonly called wings (shoulder blades)
Scapulae
typical long bone ( arm is formed by this)
Humerus
lateral bone (when in anatomical position)
Radius
medial bone on the forearm (upper limb is in the anatomical position)
Ulna
arranged in two irregular rows of four bones each
Carpal Bones
incomplete bony basin formed by the two coxal bones that secure the lower limbs to the sacrum of the axial skeleton
Pelvic Girdle
thigh bone ( only bone in the thigh)
Femur
(shine bone) larger and more medial
Tibia
lies along the tibia and forms joints with it both proximally and distally, is thin and stick like
Fibula
