Digestive System Flashcards
gastrointestinal tract
the organs that food and liquid travel through when they are swallowed etc
oral cavity
the mouth
hard palate
the bony front part of the palate
soft palate
the fleshy, flexible part toward the back of the roof of your mouth
uvula
hangs above the throat
lingual frenulum
dynamic structure, formed by the midline fold in a layer of fascia
pharynx
the membrane lined cavity behind the nose and mouth connecting them to the esophagus
esophagus
the part of the alimentary canal that connects the throat to the stomach; the gullet
mucosa
the moist inner lining of some organs and body cavities
submucosa
the layer of areolar connective tissue lying beneath the mucosa membrane
muscularis externa
a region of muscle in many organs in the vertebrate body, adjacent to the submucosa membrane
serosa
the tissue of a serous membrane
visceral peritoneum
the layers of tissue that cover the outer surface of most organs in the abdomen, including the intestines
parietal peritoneum
the layers of tissue that line the abdominal wall and the pelvic cavity
mesentery
fold of membrane that attaches the intestine to the abdominal wall and holds it in place
stomach
the internal organ in which the major part of the digestive system occurs
pyloric sphincter
a muscular valve that opens to allow food to pass from the stomach to the top of the small intestine
cardioesophageal sphincter
an involuntary sphincter located at the bottom of the esophagus where it connects with the stomach
rugae
an anatomical fold or wrinkle especially for the viscera
greater curvature
the boundary of the stomach that forms a long usually convex curve on the left from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum
lesser curvature
the boundary of the stomach that in humans forms a relatively short concave curve on the right from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum
greater omentum
a 4 layered fold of peritoneum that extends down from the stomach, covering much of the colon and small bowel
chyme
the pulpy acidic fluid which passes from the stomach to the small intestine consisting of gastric juices and partly digested food
small intestine
the part of the intestine that runs between the stomach and large intestine
ileocecal valve
sphincter muscle situated at the junction of the ileum and the colon
duodenum
the first part of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach, leading to the jejunum
jejunum
middle part of the small intestine
ileum
the third portion of the small intestine , between the jejunum and the cecum
pancreatic ducts
part of a system of ducts in the pancreas
bile duct
the duct that conveys bile from the liver and the gallbladder to the duodenum
large intestine
long tube like organ that is connected to the small intestine at the end and the anus at the other
cecum
a pouch that forms the first part of the large intestine
appendix
tube shaped sac attached to and opening into the lower end of the large intestine in humans and some other mammels
colon
longest part of the large intestine
rectum
the final section of the large intestine, terminating at the anus
anal canal
most terminal part of the lower GI tract/ large intestine, which lies between the anal verge in the perineum below the rectum above
ascending colon
the first main part of the large intestine which passes upward from the cecum on the right side of the abdomen
transverse colon
the middle part of the large intestine passing across the abdomen from right to left below the stomach
descending colon
the part of the large intestine that passes downward on the left side of the abdomen toward the rectum
sigmoid colon
the s shaped last part of the large intestine leading into the rectum
liver
large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates involved in many metabolic processes
gall bladder
a small sac shaped organ beneath the liver in which bile is stored after secretion by the liver and before release into the intestine
