Skeletal System Flashcards
Name 5 jobs of the skeleton
- movement 2. shape and support 3. protection 4. stores minerals 5. produces blood cells
What is the framework of our body made of?
skeletal system
What are 3 things that make up the skeletal system?
bones, cartilage, ligaments
What do many bones make?
blood cells
In what part of the bone are blood cells made?
marrow
Bones store what 2 things that give the bones their strength?
calcium, phosphorous
Bones provide a place for WHAT to attach? This helps allow for movement…
muscles
What is a job that the bones to for our vital organs?
protect them
How many bones are there in the adult human skeleton?
206
Where is the smallest bone of the body?
ossicles in the ear (3)
What bones make up the axial skeleton
bones of skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and pelvis
What bones make up the appendicular skeleton (the extremities)?
all of the other bones of the body
Living tissue is made of what?
cells
Name 2 things bones can do…
grow and repair
What are the bone cells that build up and repair bone tissue?
osteoblasts
What are the bone cells that breakdown bone tissue in order to release calcium into the bloodstream?
osteoclasts
What are the 3 tissues on the outside of most bones?
cushion, periosteum, ligaments
What is cartilage?
soft material that acts as a cusion where bones come together
What color is cartilage?
white
Where on the bone do you find cartilage?
on the ends of the bones
Why is cartilage softer than bone?
It has no blood vessels or minerals
What is an example of cartilage?
ear, nose
What is periosteum?
the thin outer covering of bone with many blood vessels that supply the bone with blood and nerves
What are ligaments?
tough fibers that help hold bones together
What is compact bone and where is it found?
solid bone or the hard part of bone…found along the edges of bone
Why is compact bone so strong?
because calcium and phosphorus are stored there
What is spongy bone?
it has many open spaces…found toward the end of bones…strong but lightweight…makes up most of the skeleton
What is marrow?
the soft center of bones
What is made in marrow?
blood cells and platelets
Where are red marrow located?
in cavities of skull, ribs, sternum and vertebrae
What does red marrow produce?
red blood cells plateletsand one type of white blood cells
What do red blood cells do?
platelets for clotting
Where is white marrow found?
in cavities of long bones
What is white marrow made of?
blood vessels and fat
What are joints?
where bones come together
What are 2 types of joints?
fixed or immoveable and moveable or Synovial
Where are fixed joints found?
in skull and pelvis
Where are moveable joints found?
elbow and shoulder
What is bursae?
sacs that contain the thick fluid that lubricates joints (synovial fluid)
What are 3 types of fractures?
greenstick, simple, compound
What is a greenstick fracture?
bone does not break all of the way through
What is a simple fracture?
when the bone breaks but the skin does not
What is another name for a simple fracture?
a closed fracture
What is a compound fracture?
broken bone tears through the skin
What is another name for a compound fracture?
an open fracture
What is a dislocation?
when a bone is put out of its socket
What is a sprain?
stretching or tearing of the ligament
What are 4 types of bone diseases?
rickets, osteoporosis, bursitis, and arthritis
What is rickets and what causes rickets?
bones are soft and bend under the weight of the body…caused by a lack of vitamin D which results in the bone lacking enough mineral matter
What is osteoporosis?
bones are brittle and fracture easily
What causes osteoporosis?
when the absorption of bone is greater than the formation
What is bursitis?
inflammation of the bursae
What is arthritis?
inflammation of the joint
