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Science 7th grade > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

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1
Q

Name 5 jobs of the skeleton

A
  1. movement 2. shape and support 3. protection 4. stores minerals 5. produces blood cells
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2
Q

What is the framework of our body made of?

A

skeletal system

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3
Q

What are 3 things that make up the skeletal system?

A

bones, cartilage, ligaments

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4
Q

What do many bones make?

A

blood cells

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5
Q

In what part of the bone are blood cells made?

A

marrow

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6
Q

Bones store what 2 things that give the bones their strength?

A

calcium, phosphorous

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7
Q

Bones provide a place for WHAT to attach? This helps allow for movement…

A

muscles

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8
Q

What is a job that the bones to for our vital organs?

A

protect them

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9
Q

How many bones are there in the adult human skeleton?

A

206

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10
Q

Where is the smallest bone of the body?

A

ossicles in the ear (3)

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11
Q

What bones make up the axial skeleton

A

bones of skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and pelvis

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12
Q

What bones make up the appendicular skeleton (the extremities)?

A

all of the other bones of the body

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13
Q

Living tissue is made of what?

A

cells

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14
Q

Name 2 things bones can do…

A

grow and repair

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15
Q

What are the bone cells that build up and repair bone tissue?

A

osteoblasts

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16
Q

What are the bone cells that breakdown bone tissue in order to release calcium into the bloodstream?

A

osteoclasts

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17
Q

What are the 3 tissues on the outside of most bones?

A

cushion, periosteum, ligaments

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18
Q

What is cartilage?

A

soft material that acts as a cusion where bones come together

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19
Q

What color is cartilage?

A

white

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20
Q

Where on the bone do you find cartilage?

A

on the ends of the bones

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21
Q

Why is cartilage softer than bone?

A

It has no blood vessels or minerals

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22
Q

What is an example of cartilage?

A

ear, nose

23
Q

What is periosteum?

A

the thin outer covering of bone with many blood vessels that supply the bone with blood and nerves

24
Q

What are ligaments?

A

tough fibers that help hold bones together

25
Q

What is compact bone and where is it found?

A

solid bone or the hard part of bone…found along the edges of bone

26
Q

Why is compact bone so strong?

A

because calcium and phosphorus are stored there

27
Q

What is spongy bone?

A

it has many open spaces…found toward the end of bones…strong but lightweight…makes up most of the skeleton

28
Q

What is marrow?

A

the soft center of bones

29
Q

What is made in marrow?

A

blood cells and platelets

30
Q

Where are red marrow located?

A

in cavities of skull, ribs, sternum and vertebrae

31
Q

What does red marrow produce?

A

red blood cells plateletsand one type of white blood cells

32
Q

What do red blood cells do?

A

platelets for clotting

33
Q

Where is white marrow found?

A

in cavities of long bones

34
Q

What is white marrow made of?

A

blood vessels and fat

35
Q

What are joints?

A

where bones come together

36
Q

What are 2 types of joints?

A

fixed or immoveable and moveable or Synovial

37
Q

Where are fixed joints found?

A

in skull and pelvis

38
Q

Where are moveable joints found?

A

elbow and shoulder

39
Q

What is bursae?

A

sacs that contain the thick fluid that lubricates joints (synovial fluid)

40
Q

What are 3 types of fractures?

A

greenstick, simple, compound

41
Q

What is a greenstick fracture?

A

bone does not break all of the way through

42
Q

What is a simple fracture?

A

when the bone breaks but the skin does not

43
Q

What is another name for a simple fracture?

A

a closed fracture

44
Q

What is a compound fracture?

A

broken bone tears through the skin

45
Q

What is another name for a compound fracture?

A

an open fracture

46
Q

What is a dislocation?

A

when a bone is put out of its socket

47
Q

What is a sprain?

A

stretching or tearing of the ligament

48
Q

What are 4 types of bone diseases?

A

rickets, osteoporosis, bursitis, and arthritis

49
Q

What is rickets and what causes rickets?

A

bones are soft and bend under the weight of the body…caused by a lack of vitamin D which results in the bone lacking enough mineral matter

50
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

bones are brittle and fracture easily

51
Q

What causes osteoporosis?

A

when the absorption of bone is greater than the formation

52
Q

What is bursitis?

A

inflammation of the bursae

53
Q

What is arthritis?

A

inflammation of the joint

Science 7th grade (8 decks)

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