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Science 7th grade > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was one of the first people to observe cells?

A

Hooke

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2
Q

Who was the first person to observe bacteria?

A

Leeuwenhoek

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3
Q

Who concluded that all plants are made up of cells?

A

Schleiden

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4
Q

Who concluded that all animals are made of cells?

A

Schwann

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5
Q

Who proposed that all cells come from other cells?

A

Virchow

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6
Q

How does an electron microscope different from a light microscope?

A

an electron microscope offers more clarity (size) while a light microscope offers better detail (focus)

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7
Q

How are cells related to living things?

A

ALL living things are made of cells

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8
Q

cell

A

the basic unit of structure and function in living things, microscopic units of living things

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9
Q

microscope

A

any instrument that makes small objects look larger

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10
Q

compound microscope

A

a light microscope that has more than one lens

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11
Q

cell theory

A

a widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things

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12
Q

magnification

A

the ability to make things look larger than they are

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13
Q

convex lens

A

a curved lens that is thicker in the middle than at the edges

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14
Q

resolution

A

the ability to distinguish the individual parts of an object

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15
Q

organelles

A

tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions within the cell

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16
Q

cell wall

A

the rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds plant cells

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17
Q

cell membrane

A

the outside boundary that separates the cell from its environment (in cells without cell walls)

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18
Q

nucleus

A

a large, oval structure that directs all of the cell’s activities

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19
Q

chromatin

A

strands of genetic material floating in the nucleus

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20
Q

cytoplasm

A

the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus (clear jellylike material)

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21
Q

mitochondria

A

produce most of the energy the cell needs to carry outs its functions (gives off energy)

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22
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

a maze of passageways that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another

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23
Q

ribosomes

A

function as factories to produce proteins

24
Q

golgi bodies

A

receive proteins and other newly formed materials and distribute them to other parts of the cell

25
Q

chloroplasts

A

organelles that capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell

26
Q

vacuole

A

the storage area of a cell (stores water, food, and minerals)

27
Q

lysosomes

A

small, round structures in cells that break down large food particles into smaller ones

28
Q

selective permeable

A

lets some but not all substances pass through membranes

29
Q

diffusion

A

the process by which molecules tend to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

30
Q

osmosis

A

the process by which water moves across a selectively permeable membrane

31
Q

What are two types of passive transport?

A
  1. diffusion, 2. osmosis
32
Q

Which type of transport requires energy?

A

active transport

33
Q

How is osmosis different from diffusion?

A

osmosis deals with water…diffusion does not

34
Q

Compare and contrast active and passive transport?

A

active transport requires energy, passive transport does not

35
Q

What are two different methods of active transport?

A
  1. transport protein, 2. engulfing
36
Q

What is one reason that cells are small?

A

it can take less time to travel through cells from one to another

37
Q

respiration

A

the process of getting energy from food

38
Q

reproduction

A

to form offspring similar to parents

39
Q

producer

A

living thing that makes its own food

40
Q

develop

A

change in shape or form

41
Q

tissue

A

a group of cells carrying out a job

42
Q

organ system

A

a group of organs working together

43
Q

chemical formula

A

the name of a compound in symbols

44
Q

chloroplast

A

cell part that contains chlorophyll

45
Q

environment

A

things that surround an organism

46
Q

centriole

A

part near the nucleus that helps with reproduction

47
Q

organism

A

a living thing

48
Q

What is the job of the cell membrane?

A

it controls what goes into cells

49
Q

adaptation

A

trait that helps a living thing survive

50
Q

chromosome

A

cell part with information that determine a living thing’s traits

51
Q

ribosome

A

cell part where protein is made

52
Q

organ

A

a group of tissues that work together

53
Q

nucleolus

A

smaller body inside the nucleus that helps make protein

54
Q

What process occurs when water moves out of the cells of a saltwater fish and into the ocean?

A

osmosis

55
Q

What process occurs when oxygen moves from the lungs into the bloodstream?

A

difussion

56
Q

What process occurs when sodium is pumped out of a nerve cell?

A

active transport

Science 7th grade (8 decks)

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