Muscular System Flashcards
What is the job of the muscular system?
it is responsible for the movement of bones, heart, and the inner linings of some organs
What provides the power to bones and joints to cause movement?
the muscular system
How many muscles are there in the human body?
over 600
What is the percentage of body mass made up by muscle?
35-40%
Muscles use energy in the form of what?
ATP
How does the body get ATP?
from the breakdown of glucose during cell respiration
What is another name for C6H12O6?
sugar
How do muscles attach to the bones?
Through a connective tissue called tendons
What are voluntary muscles?
muscles you can control
What are involuntary muscles?
muscles you can ‘t control
What is another name for muscle cells?
muscle fibers
What are 3 types of human muscle types?
skeletal, smooth, & cardiac
What are some characteristics of skeletal muscles?
- voluntary, 2. connected to bones, 3. striated, 4. tire easily 5. have long fibers
What are some characteristics of smooth muscles?
- no striations, 2. not connected to bones 3. involuntary muscle
What are some characteristics of cardiac muscles?
- involuntary, 2. long interweaving fibers 3. not connected to bone, 4. band-like appearance
Where are smooth muscles located?
digestive organs (stomach, intestines), blood vessels
Which two types of muscles are involuntary?
smooth and cardiac
Which two types of muscles are NOT connected to bone?
smooth and cardiac
adductor
a muscle that draws a body part, like a finger, inward toward the body
abductor
a muscle that draws a body part, like a finger away from the body
flex
to bend a joint, to contract a muscle
extend
to open or straighten out, unbend
abdominals
support the abdomen wall
biceps brachii
flexes forearm at elbow (bends forearm)
biceps femoris
flexes leg at the knee (hamstring)
deltoid
think triangular muscle covering the should joint, used to raise arm from the side
gastroenemius
largest, most prominent muscle of the calf of the leg, the action which extends the foot
gluteus maximus
extends hip, for standing up
latissimus dorsi
adduction of the humerus, runs from vertebrae to humerus
masseter
muscle in cheek that closes lower jaw when chewing
pectorallis major
adducts humerus, moves shoulder, deep breathing
quadriceps femoris
extends and rotates femur, straightens the leg
satorius
flexes hi and knee, bends leg, longest muscle in the body
tibialis anterior
flexes foot for walking
trapezius
elevates scapula (lifts shoulder)
triceps brachii
extends forearm at elbow (straightens arm)
Where is the location of the cardiac muscle?
in the heart only
Muscles work by always _______ and never ________
pulling, never pushing
What is a contraction?
when a muscle shortens
What is relaxation?
when the muscle returns to its regular shape
Muscles work in pairs….when one ________ the other ________
contracts, relaxes
Name two muscles that work in pairs
biceps and triceps
The strength of the contraction is determined by what?
the number of muscle fibers that contract
What is the “all or none” rule?
the muscle fiber either contracts as hard as it can or it doesn’t contract at all
