Skeletal System

Question 1

What is in the axail skeleton

Answer 1

Skull, spine, ribs

Question 2

What is part of the Appendicular

Answer 2

Limbs, Pelvis, Shoulders

Question 3

Name the three main body types

Answer 3

Ectomorph - tall and slim
Endomorph - Short and round
Mesamorph - Athletic and broad shoulders

Question 4

classification of bones

Answer 4

long bone - Humerous 
Short bone - Tarsals
Flat Bone - Scapula 
Irregular bone - vertebrea
Sesmoid bone - Patella

Question 5

Name the bone in the skull and how many

Answer 5

cranial bone x8

Question 6

Name the number + name of bones in the spinal chord

Answer 6

Cervical x 7 
Thoracic x 12 
Lumbar x 5
Sacral x 5 
Coxcygeal x 4

Question 7

Name and number of bones in the ribs

Answer 7

12 pairs
first 7 attach to sternum
next 3 attach to common cartalige then sternum
last 2 free standing

Question 8

Name and number the bones in the shoulders

Answer 8

Shoulder bones x 2

clavicle x2

Question 9

Name and number the bones in the arm

Answer 9

Humerous - upper arm connects to shoulder and elbow joint
radious - Outer arm, elbow joint
Ulna - inner arm, elbow and wrist joint

Question 10

Name and number the bones in the hands

Answer 10

Carpals (8 in each – metacarpals (5 each) – phalanges (28 in total)

Question 11

Name and number the bones in the pelvis

Answer 11

Illium (2 bones)
Ishium (2 bones)
Pubis (2 bones)

Question 12

Name and number the bones in the legs

Answer 12

Femur - Thigh bone
Tibia - Lower leg
Fibia - lower leg
Patella - knee cap

Question 13

Name and number the bones in the feet

Answer 13

Tarsals - 14 in total
Metatarsals - 10 in total
Phalanges - 28 in total

Question 14

Osteoblasts to Osteoclasts

Answer 14

Blasts form new bones

Clasts eat away at old bone

Question 15

Describe bone

Answer 15

Calcified connective tissue - strong but brittle

Question 16

Describe cartalige

Answer 16

Dense tough fibres made of collegen

Question 17

Name + describe the 3 types of cartalige

Answer 17

Hyline C - feotus skeleton
Fibro C - thicker, made of collegen
Elastin C - Mostly elastin - can turn to origional shape

Question 18

Purpose of bones

Answer 18

Maintain body shape
protect organs
locomotion (M need bones to create movement at joint
attatchments - ligaments attach B + B

Question 19

Name the two ends of of the long bone

Answer 19

Epiphysis and diaphysis

Question 20

Bones from birth to adulthood

Answer 20

Bone lengthens between diaphysis and epiphysis creating new cells

Question 21

What do bones consist of

Answer 21

Blood vesells, nerves, collegen, active cells ( Osteo’s)

Question 22

Bones in the feotus stage

Answer 22

Before bones, theres cartalige - Osteo’s replace cartalige with long bone

Question 23

Describe bone repair stages

Answer 23

Stage 1 - Inflamation ( Blood clots, when cells die - release cytokins to start repair process)
Stage 2 - Soft callus formation (Fibroblasts start laying granulation tissue
Stage 3 - Hard callus formation (Hard callus covers remodelling stage as protection)
Stage 4 - Remodelling (Osteo’s active to remodel bone. Once finished, callus removed