Skeletal system Flashcards
How many bones are there in an adult body?
206
What are bones?
Calcified connective tissue that makes up most the adult skeleton.
What is cartilage?
Dense, durable and tough connective tissue that can withstand compression forces.
What are the 3 types of cartillages?
Hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage.
The two groups that the skeleton is separated into are known as?
Axial and appendicular skeleton
What does the axial skeleton consist of?
Bones that form the main frame such as the ribs, skull and spine.
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
Bones that are attached to the main frame such as the upper and lower limbs, the pelvic and shoulder girdles.
What are the characteristics of long bones?
Greater length than width.
Consists of main shaft and two extremities.
Contains mostly compact bones in their diaphysis and cancellous in the extremities.
Give 8 examples of long bones?
Femur tibia Humerus radius ulna metacarpals phalanges
What are the characteristics of short bones?
Same width and length.
Highly cancellous which gives more strength with reduced weight.
Give two examples of short bones?
Tarsals
carpals
What are the characteristics of Flat bones?
Provide protection and large areas for muscle attachment.
Thin layer of cancellous bone sandwiched between two layers of compact bones.
Give 5 examples of flat bones?
Cranial bones scapula costals sternum illum
What is the characteristics of irregular bones?
Have complex shapes and so they cannot be classified with the other groups.
Give two examples of irregular bones?
Vertebra
calcaneus
