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Year 1: physiology and psychology > Skeletal Physiology > Flashcards

Skeletal Physiology Flashcards

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1
Q

which type of bone tissue is the strongest

A

cortical

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2
Q

What is the name given to the proximal and distal ends of a long bone

A

Epiphysis

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3
Q

Which division of the skeletal system is referred to as the ‘trunk’

A

Axial

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4
Q

Which measurement technique is used to assess 3D qualities of peripheral bones

A

PQCT
Proximal Quantitative Computed Tomography

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5
Q

Bone turnover is determined by the balance of ….

A

bone formation
bone resorption

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6
Q

Osteoclast are known as

A

Bone removing cells

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7
Q

During bone remodeling, which cell deposits bone minerals into the collagen scaffolding

A

Osteoblasts

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8
Q

What is the name given to the main body of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

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9
Q

What is the name of the process whereby hydroxyapatite crystals are deposited to increase bone stiffness

A

Calcification

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10
Q

Which athletes are most susceptible to developing osteoporosis

A

swimmers and cyclist

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11
Q

How is osteoporosis clinically diagnosed

A

BMD of 2.5 or more SD below the reference mean

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12
Q

why do siwmmers have the lowest BMD

A

Lack of weight bearing element

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13
Q

Osteoblasts are known as

A

Bone forming cells

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14
Q

Which component of bone is responsible for the production of RBC

A

RED MARROW

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15
Q

On average, what proportion of the bone matrix is organic material

A

40%

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16
Q

Which division of the skeletal system involves the upper and lower extremities

A

Appendicular

17
Q

Which measurement of bone does DXA scan provide

A

Bone Mineral Density

18
Q

What is the primary mineral that is stored and released from bone

A

Calcium

19
Q

According to Varley et al., (2018), at which point during a competitive season was the bone mineral content of elite speed skaters lowest

A

Mid-Season

20
Q

What does osteoporosis increase the risk of

A

Fragility fractures

21
Q

According to Frost (1990), which is the ‘minimal effective strain’ that produces bone growth?

A

Overload

22
Q

Which joint has the greatest amount of movement

A

Synovial

23
Q

In the study by Varley et al., (2018), the change in bone mineral content over the season was different between legs

A

One leg received more loading due to the characteristics of the sport

24
Q

what is the main component of the organic matrix in bone

A

Collagen

Year 1: physiology and psychology (9 decks)

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