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Massage Therapy Module 2 > Skeletal Pathologies > Flashcards

Skeletal Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

Adhesive Capulitis

A

Th shoulder joint capsule becomes thick and chronically inflamed. Causes pain and limited range of motion.

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2
Q

Frozen shoulder

A

Common name for adhesive capulitis.

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3
Q

Stages of frozen shoulder

A

Freezing, frozen and thawing.

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4
Q

Freezing stage of adhesive capulitis

A

Gradual onset of a dull ache and stiffness that slowly develops into pain. Lasts 6 weeks to 9 months.

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5
Q

Frozen stage of adhesive capulitis

A

The pain may lessen, but the shoulder remains very stiff. Lasts 2 to 6 months.

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6
Q

Thawing stage of adhesive capulitis

A

Pain lessens and ROM slowly increases.

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7
Q

Massage of adhesive capulitis

A

Can be applied at any time and should include gently PROM work such as the pendulum.

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8
Q

Baker cyst

A

A fluid filled pouch forms in the popliteal space. Common in older adults with knee problems.

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9
Q

Causes of Baker cysts

A

Caused by inflammation of the knee, typically a meniscal tear.

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10
Q

Rare complication of Baker cysts

A

DVT

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11
Q

Massage for Baker cysts

A

Assess for DVT before beginning. Use a soft bolster under the knee.

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12
Q

Signs of DVT

A

Unilateral swelling, heat, redness, discolouration or pain.

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13
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of the bursa.

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14
Q

Common locations for bursitis

A

Shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, heel and toe.

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15
Q

Massage for bursitis

A

Do not massage if the bursitis is acute.

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16
Q

Subluxations

A

Partial dislocations

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17
Q

Massage for dislocations and subluxations

A

Massage only after acute inflammation has resolved. Avoid PROM and traction.

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18
Q

Massage for fractures

A

Never massage distal to an immobilization. Massage over the fracture site after healing.

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19
Q

Ganglion cyst

A

A fluid filled pouch that forms on tendons or joints, often the wrists.

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20
Q

Massage and ganglion cysts

A

Treat as a local contraindication.

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21
Q

Gout

A

Arthritis caused by uric acid crystals. Often found in the big toe.

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22
Q

Stages of gout

A

Asymptomatic hyperuricemia, acute gout and chronic tophaceous gout.

23
Q

Massage for gout

A

Postpone massage if the client is feverish, otherwise avoid the affected areas.

24
Q

Hyperkyphosis

A

Exaggeration of the normal posterior kyphotic curvature of the thoracic spine.

25
Q

Massage for hyperkyphosis

A

Position for comfort and avoid traction and PROM on the thoracic spine. Massage pectorals, serratus anterior and rhomboids.

26
Q

Hyperlordosis

A

Exaggeration of the normal anterior lumbar curvature and anterior pelvic tilt.

27
Q

Massage for hyperlordosis

A

Avoid traction and PROM of the lumbar spine. Massage the quads, peraspinals and glutes.

28
Q

Lyme disease

A

Arthritis caused by a bacterium.

29
Q

Massage for Lyme disease

A

Postpone in the event of a fever. Avoid traction and PROM of affected joints. Treat any lesions or rashes as local contraindications.

30
Q

Osgood-Schlatter disease

A

Patellar tendinitis at the tibial tuberosity.

31
Q

Massage for Osgood-Schlatter disease

A

Treat as a local contraindication in the event of acute inflammation. Massage the quadriceps on both legs.

32
Q

Spondylosis

A

Osteoarthritis of the spine.

33
Q

Massage for osteoarthritis

A

Application of cold or moist heat can help. Avoid traction and PROM of affected joints.

34
Q

Massage for osteoporosis

A

Use only light pressure and gentle PROM.

35
Q

Patellofemoral pain syndrome

A

Pain and stiffness in front of and around the patella.

36
Q

Chondromalacia patallae (CMP)

A

Softening and degeneration of the articular cartilage in the posterior patella.

37
Q

Massage for knee pain

A

Massage the hamstrings and quads in shortened and lengthened positions.

38
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Autoimmune attack of synovial membranes.

39
Q

Massage and rheumatoid arthritis

A

Avoid areas with subcutaneous nodules. Light pressure massage during flare ups. Superficial heat can be beneficial, but deep heat accelerates disease progression.

40
Q

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.

41
Q

Massage and scoliosis

A

Massage tension in the back muscles. Avoid traction and PROM of the affected joints.

42
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

Anteriorly displaced vertebra.

43
Q

Isthemic spondylolisthesis

A

Caused by a spinal fracture.

44
Q

Degenerative spondylolisthesis

A

Caused by osteoarthritis in the lumbar spine.

45
Q

Massage and spondylolisthesis

A

Use light pressure over the lumbosacral region. Avoid traction and PROM over the lumbar spine.

46
Q

Sprain

A

Overstretched or torn ligament.

47
Q

Grade 1 sprain

A

Ligament is overstretched but not torn. The joint is stable but has some slight discomfort.

48
Q

Grade 2 sprain

A

The ligament is torn and there is swelling. The surrounding muscles split to decrease movement. There is moderate joint instability and pain without movement.

49
Q

Grade 3 sprain

A

The ligament is completely ruptured. Significant swelling and unstable joint.

50
Q

Massage and sprains

A

Massage with friction after acute inflammation has resolved.

51
Q

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

A

Pain and dysfunction of the TMJ.

52
Q

Massage and TMD

A

Massage the masseter

53
Q

Causes of TMD

A

Can be caused by the masticatory muscles (myogenic) or the joint (articular).

Massage Therapy Module 2 (6 decks)

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