Class work Flashcards
-blast
Developing cell, germ or bud.
-clast
Destroy or break down.
-osis
Condition
Confidentiality
The non-disclosure of privileged information.
Countertransference
The therapist brings their own unresolved issues or personal needs into the therapeutic relationship.
Scope of practice
A professional’s working parameters.
Code of ethics
Set of guiding moral principles that govern actions.
Client neglect
Unintentional emotional or physical harm to the client.
Client abuse
Harm caused to a client by deliberate action.
Hemopoiesis
Blood cell formation.
Lesser trochanter
Bump found distal to the head of the femur.
Intertrochanteric crest
Crest on the posterior surface of the femur which connects the greater and lesser trochanters.
Linea aspera
Line on the posterior surface of the femur.
Innominates
One half of the pelvis.
Bones of the pelvis
Ilium, ischium and pubis.
Iliac crest
Superior edge of the ilium. Begins at the ASIS and ends at the PSIS.
Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)
Most posterior aspect of the iliac crest. Found in the low back.
Other names for the hip joint
Coxal or acetabulofemoral.
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Most anterior aspect of the iliac crest.
Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
Found 1 inch medial and inferior to the ASIS. Serves as an origin for some thigh muscles.
Flat bones
Are generally thin and protect organs.
Monoaxial joint types
Hinge and pivot
Biaxial joint types
Ellipsoidal and saddle
Triaxial joint types
Gliding and ball and socket
Components of the muscular system
Skeletal muscles, related fascia and tendons.
Myofilaments
Actin and myosin
Myofibril
Bundle of myofilaments
Muscle fiber
Actual muscle cell, covered by endomysium.
Fascicle
A group of muscle fibers covered by perimysium.
Muscle
A group of fascicles covered by epimysium.
T-tubules
Channels within the sarcolemma which help to spread nerve impulses.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Organelle that stores and releases calcium ions.
Troponin and tropomyosin
Proteins that block the attachment sites on actin. Offset by calcium.
Properties of muscle cells
Excitability, contractibility, extensibility and elasticity
Motor unit
A single motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers to which it attaches.
Acetylcholine
Neurotransmitter involved in muscular contraction. Crosses the synaptic cleft and binds with the motor end plate.
Motor end plate
Folded sections of the sarcolemma which has receptors for acetylcholine.
Uniarticular muscle
A muscle that crosses one joint.
Biarticular muscle
A muscle that crosses two joints.
Multiarticular muscle
A muscle that crosses three or more joints.
Concentric contraction
Isotonic contraction in which the muscle lengthens.
Eccentric contraction
Isotonic contraction in which the muscle shortens.
Proprioceptors which detect muscle stretch
Muscle spindles and golgi tendons
Muscle spindles
Detect fast ballistic stretching. Indicates danger and initiates contraction.
Golgi tendon
Detests slow, static tension and stimulates relaxation.
Atrophy
Loss of muscle mass
Causes of atrophy
Lack of use, poor nutrition or inadequate innervation
Contracture
Joint condition in which the muscle is fixed in a flexed contraction.
Muscle spasm
Increase in muscle tension, with or without shortening that results in a rigid zone.
Spasticity
Increased muscle tone and stiffness which resists stretching. Usually caused by neurologic dysfunction.
Types of parallel muscle fiber arrangements
Strap, convergent (triangular), fusiform, circular.
Types of non-parallel muscle fiber arrangements
Unipennate and bipennate
