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C130 > SKE Techniques & Procedures > Flashcards

SKE Techniques & Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

SKE Description & Limitations:
SKE provides the capability for up to _______ (but limits the number of aircraft on a single SKE frequency to _______)
Aircraft must be within ______ of master
Aircraft must be within ______ of leader for TWS to function properly
Difference SKE frequency should be _____ away from each other

A

36, 31, 10NM, 4NM, 80NM

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2
Q

SKE Formation Spacing
Wingmen:
Element Lead:

A

Wingmen: 4000INTK / 500R XTRK

Element Lead: 8000INTK / 00R XTRK

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3
Q

SKE Formation Spacing: Extended Cruise
Wingmen:
Element Lead:

A

Wingmen: XTRK 1000

Element Lead: XTRK 12,000

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4
Q

SKE: Primary reference to maintain SKE position

A

PPI

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5
Q

SKE: Priority of FCI signals

A

Altitude, Heading, Airspeed

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6
Q

SKE: All aircraft in the formation climb and descent (enr route) at the same time using _________ fpm or as briefed

A

1,000fpm

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7
Q

SKE: Lead will signal heading changes of ________ or more.

A

10 degrees

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8
Q

SKE: Element leaders are limited to _____ degrees angle of bank before slowdown (for planned en-route turns)

A

20

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9
Q

SKE: Element leaders are limited to ______ degrees angle of bank after slowdown

A

10

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10
Q

SKE: Lead will signal airspeed changes of _____ KIAS or more, and should use ______ TIT to accelerate and ______ TIT to decelerate.

A

10 KIAS; 900 TIT; 600 TIT

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11
Q

SKE: Desired landing interval between aircraft

A

6,000 feet

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12
Q

SKE: Minimum landing interval between aircraft

A

5,000 feet

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13
Q

SKE: Weather minimums for formation take-off and landing?

A

Minimums for the airport navigation aid used, but not lower than 200 feet and 1 SM (5000RVR).
During formation operations, adhere to both ceiling and visibility minimums.

If departure ceiling or visibility is below published landing minimums, but above 200 feet and 1 SM, the formation may take-off if the requirements for a departure alternate are met. If the runway has dual RVR readouts, both ends must be at least RVR 5000.

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14
Q

SKE: What is minimum assembly altitude in IFR?

A

1,000 feet (2,000 feet in mountainous terrain) above the highest obstruction to flight (man-made obstacle, terrain feature, or spot elevation), rounded up tot he nearest 100th, within 5 NM of centerline (10 NM outside the US).

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15
Q

SKE: Formation departure & assembly speeds for lead and wing

A

Lead: 180 KIAS and 1500fpm
Wing: After positive identification of all preceding aircraft, follower aircraft may climb at airspeeds up to 190 KIAS to close to en-route spacing. Once on assembly altitude may accelerate to 220 KIAS.
** Element leaders do not need to signal airspeed changes until the formation is rejoined.
** Follower aircraft will fly the departure procedure or SID individually while completing the assembly and monitoring PPI.

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16
Q

Define Minimum IFR Enroute Altitude

A

1,000 feet (2,000 feet in mountainous terrain) above the highest obstruction to flight (man-made obstacle, terrain feature, or spot elevation), rounded up tot he nearest 100th, within 5 NM of centerline (10 NM outside the US).

17
Q

Loss of SKE: What do you do?
VMC?
IMC?

A

Notify lead in all cases
- When in IMC and safety permits, do not turn the formation until the situation is resolved.
- Troubleshoot by switching masters, selecting an alternate SKE frequency (if available), switching the SKE antenna, or by turning the SKE system off and then back on.
(30 seconds to re-synchronize the SKE system after each change).
VMC: If only the PPI is inoperative, maintain position with lead’s concurrence. The route, drop, and recovery may be flown
IMC: Loss of all SKE indications requires a breakout. Lead will contact or direct follower aircraft to contact ATC for separate clearance.

18
Q

SKE: Procedures for a breakout (straight and level, in a turn, climb or descent):
When should it be used?

A

Straight and Level: Climb 500 feet, turn 30 degrees in safest direction for 30 seconds, then return to previous heading
In a Turn: Roll out of the turn and climb 500 feet
In a Climb or Descent: Roll out of the turn (if necessary) and level off (terrain permitting)

Perform a breakout when:
- Loss of all SKE indications

19
Q

SKE: How to perform a lead change

A
  • Formation leader commands the lead change, the new formation leader acknowledges.
  • The relinquishing formation leader turns 45 degrees away from base heading in the safest direction (based on airspace, flight path, and terrain), until achieving 1NM offset from the formation
  • Reset SKE parameters, and drifts back to rejoin at the end of the formation.
    (VMC, the old formation leader may rejoin to any coordinated position within the formation)
  • After new leader in position, should conduct a new FCI check.
20
Q

SKE: When must a wingmen or element lead be in position by to perform the drop?

A

1 minute prior to TOT (VMC)

IP (IMC)

21
Q

SKE: Overrun Procedures
Wingman
Element Lead

A

Wingman: Start a turn in the direction of set XTRK, set 1,000 and monitor position on the PPI and TWS. Wingmen announce an overrun by giving formation position. After correct ITRK spacing has been attained, reset and intercept the appropriate XTRK.
Element Leader: Start turn in the direction of set XTRK, set 2,000 and monitor position on the PPI and TWS. Element leader announce an overrun by giving element number, base heading, and base airspeed. After correctITRK spacing has been attained, reset and intercept the appropriate XTRK

22
Q

SKE Formation Rejoins

A
  • Enter leader’s slot number & all others in the formation
  • Set the PPI to the maximum range setting
  • Approach the formation 1,000 feet above or below
  • Establish radio contact with the formation lead, and confirm the SKE frequency and your leader’s lost number
  • When the formation appears on the PPI, check the “master lost” indication has extinguished
  • Identify your leader on the PPI, and request FCI check from the formation lead
  • Stabilize the aircraft in position while maintaining 1,000 feet altitude separation
  • Once stabilized in position with the lat aircraft in the formation identified, request clearance to rejoin the formation
  • When cleared to rejoin the formation, climb or descent to formation altitude.
23
Q

SKE Check Turns: Before and After Slowdown

How to check back to centerline, when to call the turn

A 
30 degrees before SD; 10 degrees after SD
300yds XTRK (headwind); 500yds (no wind) 700yds (tailwind)
24
Q

SKE Slowdown Procedure

A
  • The entire formation slows down simultaneously to maintain spacing
  • Lead signals 30 seconds prior to slowdown with “SD”
  • Lead signals 5 seconds “-“
  • Lead signals “E” (If tactical situation permits, lead should also make a “slowdown” call over interplane.
  • 1,000inlbs of torque, lower the flaps 50% on-speed, and slow to 140 KIAS
25
Q

Define IFR Drop Corridor

A

Where aircraft may operate below Min IFR en-route altitude, 3 NM either side of centerline from DZ Entry through DZ Exit Point

26
Q

DZ Entry Point

A

A fixed point on the DZ Run-In course centerline where an aircraft or formation may safely begin descent from Minimum IFR en-route altitude to minimum IFR drop altitude.
The DZ Entry point is a maximum of 40 NM from the DZ Exit Point, Formation lead will not initiate eh descent until the last aircraft in the formation (or last aircraft in the flight or element if using waterfall descent procedures) is at or past the DZ Entry Point

27
Q

DZ Exit Point

A

A fixed point on the DZ escape flight path centerline where an aircraft or formation will be at the Minimum IFR En-route Altitude. The DZ Exit point will be planned no less than 4 NM from the trailing edge of the DZ.
WARNING: Analyze pre-drop gross weight to determine if obstructions can be cleared with one engine inoperative. If not: reduce aircraft gross weight revise run-in and/or escape course, or increase drop altitude.

28
Q

Earliest Descent Point define:

A

The earliest point in the IMC drop corridor where the formation lead may descend the entire formation to IMC drop altitude and be assured of obstacle clearance. (Normally, unless otherwise briefed, the EDP provides a 6-NM IMC stabilization point)

29
Q

Latest Descent Point define:

A

The latest point in the IMC drop corridor where the formation lead may descend the entire formation and still ensure that all aircraft in the formation are stabilized on drop altitude and airspeed prior to the release point. LDP varies with load type and descent profile.

30
Q

SKE Descent define:

What conditions must be met to descend?

A
  • 5 second “down prep” then “E”
  • All aircraft in the formation descend at 140 KIAS and 1,000fpm
    1) Lead’s position is positively identified
    2) The entire formation is within 3 NM of DZ Run-In course centerline
    3) The last aircraft in the formation (or last aircraft in the flight or element if using waterfall descent procedures) is at or past DZ Entry Point
  • Each element stacks 50 feet above the preceding element’s drop altitude
  • Wingmen maintain same drop altitude as their element leaders by reference to the pressure altimeter and SKE TWS.

C130 (8 decks)

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