Situational Variables, Milgram Flashcards
State the 3 things that could impact obedience levels
Proximity (closeness to authority or victim)
Location (place where orders given. Prestige if place impacts)
Uniform (what authority figure wears symbolises their position of power)
Explain how Proximity impacts obedience
In OG, teacher + learner in separate rooms. 65% to full 450V
When in same room, dropped to 40%
When force Learners hand onto shock plate= drop to 30%
When experimenter gave orders by phone= drop to 20.5%
Explain how Location impacts obedience
In OG, at prestigious Yale uni lab= 65% obey to full 450V
When in run- down office= drops to 47.5%
Explain how Uniform impacts obedience
In OG, experimenter wore a lab coat= indicating status as a Uni Prof. 65% obeyed to full 450V
Wnhen in ordinary clotyes as ‘member of the public’ = dropped to 20%
AO3: Situational Variables Strength
Prompt: uniform effect obedience…
P: Uniform is a variable that effects. Meaning it is a valid explanation
E: Bickman had 3 confederates;
1= jacket+ tie,
2= milkman,
3= security guard.
Each asked public to pick up litter.
3 obeyed 76%,
2 obeyed 47%,
1 obeyed 30
E: meaning the more typically authoritarian the outfit, the more they’re obeyed. Shows study is accurate as people more likely to obey those in positions of power as their uniform symbolises their status
AO3: Situational Variables Weakness
Prompt: lacks internal validity
P: lacks internal validity as there were dmd charas
E: Orne+ Holland argued PPTS would figure its fake esp. as experimenter replaced by member of public
E: = results not valid due to screw you/ please you effect, PPTS act unnaturally aa know aim
I: therefore it lacks internal validity
C: but it means it has high external validity
AO3: Situational Variables Weakness
Prompt: lacks internal validity
P: lacks internal validity as there were dmd charas
E: Orne+ Holland argued PPTS would figure its fake esp. as experimenter replaced by member of public
E: = results not valid due to screw you/ please you effect, PPTS act unnaturally aa know aim
I: therefore it lacks internal validity
C: but it means it has high external validity
