Simple surgical tooth extraction technique Flashcards
For a maxillary extraction the chair should be tipped backward and the maxillary occlusal plane at what position?
-60 degrees to the floor
Where should the height of the chair be for a maxillary extraction?
-Patients mouth should be at or below the operators elbow level
For the extraction of the mandibular teeth the patient should be positioned where?
-More upright position with the occlusal plane parallel to the floor
Should the chair be lower or higher when extracting a mandibular tooth versus a maxillary tooth.
The chair should be lower for a mandibular tooth
For all maxillary teeth and anterior mandibular teeth where should the dentist be?
-The front and the right of the patient
FOr the posterior mandibular teeth where should the dentist be?
-Front or behind and to the right of the pt.
What is the first step in removing a tooth?
-Use the simple technique by severing or loosening the soft tissue attachment
What is the primary instrument used in the clinic to separate the soft tissue?
-Periosteal elevator (molt #9)
What aspect of the periosteal elevator is used for the 6 maxillary anterior teeth?
-Straight aspect
What aspect of the periosteal elevator is used for the rest of the maxillary teeth and mandibular posterior teeth?
-Curved aspect
What are the components of forceps?
- Handle
- Hinge
- Beaks
What is the 150 used for?
-Maxillary universal forcep
What is a 151 used for?
-Mandibular universal forcep
The maxillary incisor teeth are extracted with what forceps?
-Upper straight forceps
T/F The blades of the upper premolar forceps are mirror image of each other and can be used to extract both right and left maxillary premolars
True
The buccal beak of each forceps has a pointed design that fits into what area?
-The buccal bifurcation of the two buccal roots
What forceps are for elongated beak and is designed for extraction of maxillary third molars and roots?
-Bayonet
What forceps are used with fine blades are used to extract lower incisors , premolars and roots?
-Lower root forceps
What forceps are used for extraction of mandibular permanent teeth?
-Lower permanent molar forceps
Where does the point of the beat fit with lower permanent molar forceps?
-Furcation of molars
How do you prevent transmission of infection to patients in an extraction?
- Gloves
- Surgical mask
- Eyewear
- Side shields with eyewear
- Sterile disposable towel drape
- Proper oral hygiene
What are the requirements for ideal extraction?
- Satisfactory access and visualization of field of surgery
- Un-obstructed pathway for the removal of the tooth
- The use of controlled force to luxate and remove the tooth
What are the mechanical principles for tooth extractions?
- Expansion of the bony socket
- Use of fulcrum or lever
- Insertion of wedge or wedges
- Wheel and axel
How do you expand the bony socket?
-By use of the wedge shaped beaks of the forceps
How should the forceps be seated?
-With strong apical pressure
Why do you use strong apical pressure?
-To expand crestal bones and to displace center of rotation as apically as possible
IF the center of rotation is not far enough apically and too far occlusally what does the result in?
-Excess movement of tooth apex
What does excess motion of root apex caused by high center of rotation result in?
-Fracture of root apex
What does buccal or labial pressure applied to a tooth do?
-Expand the buccal cortical plate toward the crestal bone with some lingual expansion at the apical end of the root
Lingual or palatal pressure will expand the lingual cortical plate at the crestal area and slightly expand what?
-Buccal bone at apical area
Initial rotational forces are useful for removal of what teeth?
-Conical roots such as maxillary central
Tractional forces are useful for what?
-Final removal of tooth from socket
What teeth do you not want to roll to the buccal?
-Mandibular 2nd and 3rd molars you want to roll these to the lingual
What direction should the final removal of a maxillary 3rd molar be?
-Disto buccal
What should the removal of all teeth be, besides the maxillary 3rd and mandibular 2nd and 3rd molars?
-Outward and occlusal
What are the three movements of extractions?
- Outward
- Inward
- Rotatory movements
T/F THe movement should be steady and with a reasonable force
True
What is the buccal plate of bone reinforced by on the 2nd and 3rd molars?
-External oblique ridge
What is the initial movement used in upper central incisor and lower second premolars?
-Primary rotatory movement
What teeth do you use a primary rotatory movement as the initial movement in?
- Upper central incisor
- Lower second premolars
If resistance is felt in primary rotation what type of movement should be started?
-Bucco-lingual
If rotatory movement is continued when you feel resistance what might happen?
-Spiral fracture
The extraction forceps blade should be applied to what side first?
-Carious side with the first movement made towards the caries
Do not use a straight elevator when next to what type of tooth?
- Carious
- Crown
The wedge principle is useful for the extraction of teeth in several different ways, what are they?
- By using the beaks of the extraction forceps as a wedge
- When a straight elevator is used to luxate a tooth from its socket
When one root of a multiple rooted tooth is left in the alveolar process what do you use?
-Pennant-shaped elevator (wheel and axel)
T/F The opposite hand plays and important role in supporting and stabilizing the lower jaw when mandibular teeth are being extracted
True
