Obstructive Sleep Apnea Flashcards
What is Non REM?
- Steady slow heart rate
- Steady slow respiratory rate
- Low blood pressure
What is REM?
- Rapid eye movement
- Increased autonomic activity and dreaming
- Stimulated brain activity, decreased muscular activity
What are sleep apnea syndromes?
- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
- Central apnea
- Mixed apnea
- Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
- Pickwickian syndrome
- SIDS
What is obstructive sleep apnea?
-Absence of airflow with continued respiratory effort that is marked by either apneic or hypopneic events
What is an apneic events?
-Cessation of ventilation for 10 seconds or longer leading to an arousal greater than 5 per hours
Where part of the upper airway anatomy does most obstructive sleep apnea occur?
- Hypopharynx
- Oropharnyx
What is Muller’s maneuver?
-Inspire against closed nostrils and mouth, reveal the site and degree of obstruction
Where do you measure the Muller’s maneuver?
-Measured at soft palate and at base of tongue
How do you position the pt when doing the Muller’s maneuver?
-Supine and upright position
How do you confirm the presence of OSA?
-POlysomnography
What is Respiratory disturbance index is considered mild?
5-20
What RDI is considered moderate?
-21-40
What RDI is considered severe?
Greater than 40
What is the gold standard for treatment of OSA?
-CPAP
What are the majority of orthodontic/oral appliances used for in OSA?
- Advances the mandible
- Retain the tongue anteriorly
