Signs And Symptoms Flashcards
Diabetes - Hypoglycaemia
S & S - Blood sugars lower than normal
Irritability Confused LOC Seizure Drowsiness
Diabetes - Hyperglycaemia
S & S - Blood sugars are higher than normal
Pear drop breath Increased Thirst Nausea Polyuria Abdominal Pain
Asthma
Inflammation of the Bronchi
Asthma - inhaler(s)
Reliever inhaler - salbutamol
Prevented inhaler - steroid based (atriovent)
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchi / high levels of CO2 in the Blood / chronic or acute
Emphysema
Distension of the alveoli
Bronchitis - s and s (x5)
Cough for more than three weeks
Develops after common cold , soar throat or flu in children mainly
Aches and pains
Tiredness
Runny or blocked nose
Bronchitis treatment (x3)
Avoid dairy
Pulmonary rehab
Antibiotics
Emphysema s and s (x4)
Breathing through pursed lips
Pigeon chested
Tracheal tug
Use of accessory muscles
Asthma s and s (x4)
Wheezing
Breathlessness
Tight band around the chest
Coughing
Emphysema treatment (short term) (x2)
Oxygen therapy
Bronchodialating inhalers (albuterol and steroids)
Emphysema treatment (long term) (x3)
Lung transplant
Lung volume reduction surgery
Managed with lifetime meds
HYPOXIC DRIVE (x3 points)
They need a higher level of CO2 to breathe
Not out of the ordinary to have low SATS as they have adapted to run on a greater volume of CO2
Giving too much o2 to a COPD patient will cause problems
COPD (stands for)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder
COPD definition
Respiratory condition that effects the organs and tissues involved in making gas exchange difficult
Signs of respiratory distress (x4)
Tripodding
Nasal flaring
Tracheal tug
Recession
Stoke
Serious life threatening medical condition that occurs when the Blood supply to part of the brain is cut off
Stroke - causes (x5)
Stress Anxiety Smoking High blood pressure High cholesterol
Stroke s and s
BEFAST
Head injury
Injury to the head
Head injury causes (x2)
Trauma
Falling over
Head injury s and s (x8)
PEARRL NAUSEA RASIED BLOOD PRESSURE LOW PULSE BLOOD PROTRUDING FROM EAR CONFUSION SEIZURE AGITATION
Head injury treatment (x3)
Air way management
Immobilise
Monitor
Febrile convulsions
Chlidren between 6 month and 6 years, result of high temperature, presents as seizure, kids can’t regulate temperature very well
Fibrile convultions s and s (x6)
Shaking Fixed gaze Sweaty Rigid Frothing mouth High temperature
Febrile convulsions treatment(x5)
Paracetamol Hospital Para backup Make scene safe Cold compress
Seizure
Sudden uncontrolled , electrical disturbance in the brain. Causes changes in behaviour , levels of consciousness
Seizure causes (x4)
Epilepsy
PYREXIA
Anxiety
Stress
Seizure s and s (x2)
Fitting
Blank stare
Seizure things to look for (x3)
Trismuss - gritting of teeth
Post-ictal stage - end of seizure and the start of recovery, maybe supply oxygen
Status epilepticus - can’t control seizures
Seizures treatment (x6)
Clear the area Protect the head Don’t restrain the head Loss-ten tight clothing Monitor vital signs Wait it out
Internal respiration
Oxygen diffusion in muscles
External respiration
Oxygen diffusion in lungs
PNEUMONIA s+s
Muscle pain Raised RR Raised HR Cough productive Crackles at base of lungs
Pneumonia management
Salbutamol
Oxygen therapy
PE
Pulmonary embolism- blood born substance - clot that moves around the body and can cause a serious blockage
PE s+s
Raised HR Raised RR Lowered sp02 Haemoptysis Syncope Signs of DVT
DVT
Deep vein thrombosis
DVT s+s
Unilateral swelling of lower leg Warm Red Painful Tender calf
