Maternity

Question 1

Gynaecology

Answer 1

The medical practice concerned with the functions and diseases specific to woman and girls, specifically the female reproductive organs

Question 2

Obstetrics

Answer 2

The branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy, child birth and the post partum period

Question 3

EDD OR EDB

Answer 3

Estimated date delivery

Estimated date birth

Question 4

Primigravida

Answer 4

1st pregnancy

Question 5

Gravida

Answer 5

Pregnancy

Question 6

Parity

Answer 6

Number of live births

Question 7

Gestation

Answer 7

Length of pregnancy in weeks

Question 8

How long is TERM

Answer 8

37-42 weeks

Question 9

How long is Pre-term

Answer 9

24-37 weeks

Question 10

What is classed as a miscarriage

Answer 10

24 weeks or less

Question 11

Meconium

Answer 11

First stool passed by baby

Question 12

Describe the first trimester

Answer 12

Time= 12/ 13 weeks
What happens =
- most crucial stages of development occur in this period
- foetal cells undergo differentiation
- female my not be aware of pregnancy until 4 weeks

Question 13

Describe the 2nd trimester

Answer 13

Time = 13 weeks - 26 weeks
What happens =
- the foetus begins to develop bone structure
- any nausea and vomiting might ease
- the uterus begins to expand and can be palpate above the pelvic rim

Question 14

Describe the 3rd trimester

Answer 14

Time = 26 weeks - baby birth
What happens =
- the uterus reaches its maximum size and the foetus begins to gain weight
- it is important to report any reductions in movement

Question 15

Stage 1 labour phase 1

Answer 15

Early labour - regular contractions
Baby moves into birth canal
Waters break / mucus plug released

Question 16

Stage 1 labour phase 2

Answer 16

Cervix dilates 6-10cm
Rupture of membranes
Contractions stronger if 1-2 mins
Urged to push

Question 17

Stage 2 labour

Answer 17

Full dilation of cervix until birth of baby 
Entanox for pain 
Encourage Pt to pant 
Apply gentle pressure to babies head 
Lift toward patient

Question 18

Birth

Answer 18

Clean baby of mucus
Dry with clean towels
Wrap in clean towel/blanket
Stimulate baby to encourage breathing for 60 seconds
Cut umbilical cord after pulsating stops ( 15cm and 3cm )
Post birth checks - APGAR

Question 19

Stage 3

Answer 19

Placenta should deliver within 20 mins
Breastfeeding will encourage delivery of placenta
Deliver placenta and keep in bag or bowl
Encourage patient to empty bladder

Question 20

Breech delivery

Answer 20

Baby does not come out head first
Feet first / bum first
Just get them out, hands off approach

Question 21

Shoulder Dystocia

Answer 21

H - request midwife assistance
E - edge of bed or sofa
L - legs into McRoberts
P - pressure ( supra pubic static / rocking )

Shoulder trapped on pubic bone

Question 22

Cord prolapse

Answer 22

Time critical
Use dry pad to push cord back into vagina ( only once )
Walk woman to ambulance
Put in position one before transport - head down / bum up
Put into position two during transport - left side with hip supported by pillow
Provide pre alert stating cord prolapse
Cord is out side vagina

Question 23

PPH - two types

Answer 23

Post partum haemorrhage
Primary - Blood loss of 500ml or more with in 24 hours of birth
Massive - 50 % loss of blood within 3 hours of birth

Question 24

Miscarriage

Answer 24

Bleeding resulting in the loss of pregnancy
Risk factors = Previous Hx miscarriage / smoking / obesity
Symptoms = Pain / bleeding / pregnancy symptoms subside / cervical shock
Management = Respect mother’s wishes

Question 25

Ectopic / ruptured ectopic pregnancy

Answer 25

Development of foetus outside uterus - usually Fallopian tube
Risk factors = previous Hx / abnormal anatomy / coil / repeated elected abortions
Symptoms = severe abdo pain / unexplained fainting / shoulder tip pain / unusual bowel sounds / brownish vaginal discharge
Management = Diesel / it can be fatal

Question 26

Placenta Praevia

Answer 26

Placenta develops low in the uterus / causing partial or full covering of cervix
Usually presents between 24-32 weeks with small amounts of painless bleeding
Symptoms = hypovolemia / non tender abdomen / bright red blood present

Question 27

Placental abruption

Answer 27

Symptoms = sudden abdominal pain / sudden back pain / absent foetal heart sounds / signs of shock / dark red vaginal bleeding 
Management = if ABC shows time critical, transport patient / monitor and maintain stats at 94-98% / Record blood loss / left lateral tilt

Question 28

Pre eclampsia

Answer 28

A placental disorder associated with proteinuria
Usually occurs between 22 and 28 weeks
Symptoms = pain in upper right abdo / nausea / vomiting / confusion / rapid oedema progression / visual disturbance / muscle twitch
Management = primary ABCDE survey / monitor sp02 / BP / BM / pre alert paramedic assistance

Question 29

Eclampsia

Answer 29

Generalised tonic / colonic convulsions that occur usually after 24 weeks of pregnancy - causing hypoxia
Management = monitor sp02 / place patient in full lateral position / call Paramedic back up / rapid transport / abcde

Question 30

Name the 10 developmental stages in chronological order

Answer 30

Prone / lifts head (1 - 3 months) 
Prone / lifts chest with arm support (2 - 4 months) 
Rolls over (2-5 months) 
Sits without support (5-8 months)
Stands with support (5-10 months)
Pulls self to stand (6-10 months) 
Crawls (7-12 months)
Walks holding on to furniture (7-13 months)
Stands alone well (10-14 months)
Walks alone well (11-15 months)

Question 31

Newborn

Answer 31

Before their first breath

Question 32

Neonate

Answer 32

Up to 28 days

Question 33

Infant

Answer 33

28 days - 1 year

Question 34

Child

Answer 34

1 year - puberty

Question 35

Adolescent

Answer 35

Puberty to adulthood

Question 36

APGAR

Answer 36

A - appearance
P - pulse 
G - Grim mace
A - Activity 
R - Respiration