Side Effects in a nutshell Flashcards
HAM side effects? (antiHistamine, antiAdrenergic, antiMuscarinic) what are they found in?
antiHistamine- sedation, weight gain
antiAndrenergic- hypOtension
antiMuscarinic- dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention
Found in TCAs and low potency antipsychotics
Confusion, flushing, diaphoresis, tremors, myoclonic jerks, hyperthermia, hypertonicity, rhabdomyolysis, renal failure, death?
occurs when?
Serotonin Syndrome
occurs when SSRIs and MAOIs are combined
Hypertensive Crisis caused by a buildup of stored catecholamines
MAOIs plus food with tyramine (red wine, cheese, chicken liver, cured meats) or plus sympathomimetics
masklike face, cogwheel rigidity, pill-rolling tremor, akathisia-restlessness and agitation, dystonia-sustained contraction of muscles of neck tongue eyes and diaphragm
Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS)-parkinsonism
Cause extrapyramidal side effects
high potency traditional antipsychotics - within days of starting meds
hyperprolactinemia
occurs with high potency traditional antipsychotics and risperidone
choreoathetoid muscle movements, usually of mouth and tongue
tardive dyskinesia- occurs after years of antipsychotic use
fever, tachycardia, hypertension, tremor, elevated CPK, lead pipe rigidity
Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome- caused by all antipsychotics after short or long time
drug of choice to tx extrapyramidal symptoms
benzotropine
characterized by grimacing and tongue protrusion
tardive dyskinesia
characterized by twisting and abnormal postures
actue dystonia
characterized by the inability to sit still
akathisia
Important CYP450 inducers
Smoking, Carbamazepine, Barbiturates, St. John’s wort
Important CYP450 inhibitors
Fluvoxamine, Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Duloxetine, Sertraline
drug class known to exacerbate alzheimer disease
anticholinergics
