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Repro > Sick Term Infant > Flashcards

Sick Term Infant Flashcards

1
Q

What blood stream infections can occur?

A

Bacteraemia

Septicaemia

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2
Q

What CNS infection can occur?

A

Meningitis

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3
Q

What other infections can occur?

A

Pneumonia
UTI
Necrotising enterocolitis

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4
Q

What organisms can cause bacterial infections?

A 
Group B Strep
E.coli
Listeria myogenes
Staph aureus
Staph epidermidis
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5
Q

What viral infections can occur?

A 
Cytomegalovirus
parvovirus
Herpes virus
Enterovirus
Toxoplasma gondii
HIV
Syphilis - Treponema pallidum
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6
Q

What is pregnancy/birth related - hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy?

A

Multi organ damage due to tissue hypoxia
Poor apgar scores - active resuscitation
Neurodevelopmental sequeli - variable prognosis

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7
Q

What is TTN?

A

Transient tachypnoea of the newborn

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8
Q

What cardiac problems related to pregnancy and/or birth can occur?

A

Hydrops foetalis
Rhesus disease
Chromosomal

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9
Q

What congenital cardiac disease can occur?

A 
Tetralogy of Fallot
Transposition of great arteries
Coartication of the aorta
TAPVD
Hypoplastic heart
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10
Q

What congenital respiratory defects can occur?

A

Tracheo-oesophageal fistula

Diaphragmatic hernia

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11
Q

What other congenital anomalies can occur?

A

Microcephaly
Spina bifida
Potters syndrome (renal)
Myotonic dystrophy

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12
Q

What history taking should be done when assessing a newborn?

A

Maternal - PMH, pregnancy issues, drugs, infection risks

Infant - fetal growth, fetal anomaly, delivery, resuscitation

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13
Q

What inspections should be done when assessing a newborn?

A

Tone
Level of arousal
Colour

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14
Q

What 2 vital signs are important to take when assessing a newborn?

A

Heart rate

Respiratory rate

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15
Q

What does the Apgar score take into account?

A 
Heart rate
Resp rate
Tone
Colour
Respone
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16
Q

What should the resp rate be in a newborn?

A

40-60 per minute

17
Q

What should the heart rate be in a newborn?

A

120-140 per minute

18
Q

What should the cap refill be in a newborn?

A

2-3 seconds

19
Q

What colour should a newborn be?

A

Pink/Blue/White

20
Q

What should the oxygen saturations of a newborn be?

A

95%

21
Q

What other features should be checked for?

A 
Jaundice
Low tone (floppy)
Seizures
Poor feeding
Bilious vomit
22
Q

What is the initial management for a newborn?

A

Regulate temperature
Maintain airway and breathing
Check circulation and potentially give fluid and inotropes
Monitor metabolic homeostasis e.g. glucose and acid-base balance
Antibiotics if needed

23
Q

What further management may be required?

A 
Ventilation
Drugs
Specific therapy e.g. therapuetic cooling
Surgery
Transfer

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