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PHYS grad > Shoulder SOL > Flashcards

Shoulder SOL Flashcards

1
Q

Which 2 bones that make up the shoulder joint?

A

Humerus and scapula

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2
Q

Another name for shoulder joint

A

Glenohumeral joint

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3
Q

2 articular surfaces of shoulder joint

A

Humeral head, Glenoid fossa of the scapula

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4
Q

What type of joint is the shoulder joint

A

Ball and socket

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5
Q

Mvmt available at the shoulder joint and plane

A

Flex/ext (sagittal plane, forward and backward)
ABD/ADD (frontal plane, side to side)
Horizontal ABD/ADD, rotation/circumduction (transverse plane)

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6
Q

Shape of the articular surfaces

A

Concave (fossa) and convex (head)

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7
Q

How much of the head of the humerus can the glenoid fossa contain and what structure helps to deepen the fossa? Where is it attached?

A

Less than 1/3.
Labrum attached to the glenoid fossa of the scapula

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8
Q

Where is the fibrous joint capsule attached?

A

From anatomical neck of humerus to border of the glenoid fossa

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9
Q

2 ligaments that reinforce the joint capsule

A

Coracohumeral ligament (coracoid process to lesser tubercle)

Glenohumeral ligament (sup, middle, inf - 3 bands)

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10
Q

Is the shoulder joint a stable or mobile joint? Why

A

Mobile. Ball and socket joint, shallow joint fossa, large ROM and allow many types of movement in 3 planes

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11
Q

Rotator cuff muscles (4)

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

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12
Q

Origin of Supraspinatus

A

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

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13
Q

Insertion of Supraspinatus

A

Sup aspect of greater tubercle of humerus

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14
Q

Innervation of Supraspinatus

A

Suprascapular N (C5-6)

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15
Q

Action of Supraspinatus

A

Initiate shoulder ABD 0-15 DEG,
shoulder stability - keep the head pressed medially in the fossa

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16
Q

Origin of infraspinatus

A

Infraspinatus fossa of scapula

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17
Q

Insertion of infraspinatus

A

Middle facet of greater tubercle
Joint capsule

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18
Q

Innervation of infraspinatus

A

Suprascapular N (C5-6)

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19
Q

Action of infraspinatus

A

ER, EXT

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20
Q

Origin of subscapularis

A

Medial 2/3 of subscapularis fossa

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21
Q

Insertion of subscapularis

A

Lesser tubercle, front of joint capsule

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22
Q

Innervation of subscapularis

A

Upper and lower subscapular n (C5-6)

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23
Q

Action of subscapularis

A

IR

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24
Q

Origin of teres minor

A

Upper 2/3 of lateral border of posterior scapula

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25
Q

Insertion of teres minor

A

Inf facet of greater tubercle

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26
Q

Innervation of teres minor

A

Axillary N C5-6

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27
Q

Action of teres minor

A

ER (main) ADD (weak)

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28
Q

As well as holding the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa what other actions do the rotator cuff muscles perform?

A
  • Shoulder stability – holding the head in the socket
  • Meidal and lateral rotation
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29
Q

Origin of teres major

A

Post of inf angle of scapula

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30
Q

Insertion of teres major

A

Medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus

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31
Q

Innervation of teres major

A

Lower subscapular N (C5-6)

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32
Q

Action of teres major

A

ADD,Ext, IR

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33
Q

Origin of Pectoralis major (2 heads)

A

Clavicular head: ant surface of medial half of clavicle
Sternal head: ant surface of manubrium, body of sternum, ant surface of sup 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique

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34
Q

Insertion of Pectoralis major

A

Lateral lip of bicipital groove

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35
Q

Innervation of Pectoralis major (dual)

A

Clavicular head: lateral pectoral N
Sternocostal head: medial pectoral N

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36
Q

Action of Pectoralis major

A

ADD, IR, FLEX (Clavicular head), EXT (sternal head)

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37
Q

Origin of Pectoralis minor

A

Underneath pec major, above serratus anterior.
Create a passage b//w the ribs for the brachial plexus and subclavian A&V

Ant surface of 3–5th ribs, close to costal cartilage
Variation in origin is common

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38
Q

Insertion of Pectoralis minor

A

Coracoid process

39
Q

Innervation of Pectoralis minor

A

Medial pectoral N (C8-T1)

40
Q

Action of Pectoralis minor

A

Depress, protract the scapular
Elevate the ribs in inspiration (reverse action)

41
Q

Origin of coracobrachialis

A

Covered by pec major, deltoid, biceps brachii

Coracoid process of scapula, in b//w pec minor and short head of biceps brachii

42
Q

Insertion of coracobrachialis

A

Medial side of mid shaft of humerus

43
Q

Innervation of coracobrachialis

A

Musculocutaneous N

44
Q

Action of coracobrachialis

A

Flex, ADD

45
Q

Origin or Lats

A

Spinous process of T7-L5 vertebrae
Post iliac crest
Inf angle of scapula
Lower 3-4 ribs

46
Q

Insertion of Lats

A

Floor of bicipital groove (middle, b//w pec and teres majors)

The lady b//w the 2 majors lol

47
Q

Innervation of Lats

A

Thoracodorsal N (C6-8)

48
Q

Action of Lats

A

Work w/ teres major and pec major
ADD,IR, EXT
Depres and retract scapula
Bring the body towards the arms when the arms are fixed (climbing, chin-ups)

49
Q

Origin of deltoid (ant head)

A

Ant surface of lateral 3rd of clavicle

50
Q

Origin of deltoid (middle head)

A

Acromion process

51
Q

Origin of deltoid (post head)

A

Scapular spine

52
Q

Insertion of deltoids

A

All fibers converge to insert into the deltoid tuberosity on humerus

53
Q

Innervation of deltoids

A

Axillary N (C5-6)

54
Q

Action of deltoid (tgt)

A

Tgt: ABD, shoulder stability (esp when carrying a load), compensates for the loss of strength in the rotator cuff

55
Q

Action of deltoid (ant)

A

Flex (bring arms forward)

56
Q

Action of deltoid (middle)

A

ABD

57
Q

Action of deltoid (post)

A

EXT

58
Q

Muscles that do shoulder flexion (4)

A

Ant delt, coracobrachialis, pectoralis major, long head of biceps brachii

59
Q

Muscles that do shoulder extension (3)

A

Post delt
Lats
Teres major

60
Q

Muscles that do shoulder ABD (4)

A

Supraspinatus, deltoids,
trapezius, serratus ant (above 90)

61
Q

Muscles that do shoulder ADD (4)

A

pectralis major, Lats, teres major and minor (assist)

62
Q

Muscles that do shoulder IR (5)

A

subscapularis, pectoralis major, Lats, teres major, ant deltoid.

63
Q

Muscles that do shoulder ER (2)

A

Infraspinatus, teres minor

64
Q

ACJ full name

A

Acromioclavicular joint

65
Q

SCJ full name

A

Sternoclavicular joint

66
Q

What mvmt are possible at the shoulder girdle

A

Elevation, depression, upward and downward rotation, protraction and retraction

67
Q

Origin of rhomboid major

A

Spinous process of T2-5

68
Q

Insertion of rhomboid major

A

Medial border of scapula from level of scapular spine to inf angle

69
Q

innervation of rhomboid major

A

Dorsal scapular N (DSN)

70
Q

Action of of rhomboid major

A

Retracts the medial border of scapula
Elevate, rotate

71
Q

Origin of rhomboid minor

A

Spinous process of C7-T1

72
Q

Insertion of Rhomboid minor

A

Medial border of the scapular sup to spine level

73
Q

Action of Rhomboid minor

A

Retract, elevate, rotate

74
Q

Origin of Levator scapulae

A

Transverse process of C1-4

75
Q

Insertion of Levator scapulae

A

Medial border of the scapula b//w spine and the sup angle

76
Q

Innervation of Levator scapulae

A

Cervical N (C3-4), dorsal scapular N (C5)

77
Q

Action of Levator scapulae

A

Elevate the scapula,
downward rotation,
when the scapula is stabilized, it laterally flexes and rotates the next to the same side (reverse action)

78
Q

Origin of traps

A

Spinous process and supraspinous ligament of C7-T12,
External occipital protuberance,
Nuchal ligament,
Medial 3rd of superior Nuchal line

79
Q

Insertion of traps

A

Lateral 3rd of clavicle,
Acromion,
Spine of scapula

80
Q

Origin of Serrastus Ant (boxer’s muscle)

A

Top lateral surface of 1-8/9th ribs, wraps around the rib cage, passing beneath the scapula

81
Q

Insertion of Serratus Ant

A

Medial border of the scapula

82
Q

Innervation of Serratus Ant

A

Long thoracic N (C5-7)

83
Q

Action of Serratus Ant

A

Protract, upward rotation, stabilization - keeping the shoulder blades against the rib cage at rest and during mvmt

84
Q

What muscles elevate the scapula (4)

A

Upper trap,
Levator scapulae,
Rhomboid major and minor

85
Q

What muscles depress the scapula (5)

A

Lats,
serratus ant,
lower traps,
pec major and minor,

86
Q

What muscles protract the scapula (2)

A

Serratus ant,
Pec minor

87
Q

What muscles retract the scapula (4）

A

Rhomboid major and minor
Mid trap,
Lats

88
Q

What muscles Upward rotation of scapula (2)

A

Trap
Serratus ant

89
Q

What muscles downward rotate the scapula (6)

A

Lats,
Rhomboids major and minor,
Levator scapulae,
Pec major and minor

90
Q

special test for ACJ (2)

A

scarf test
obrien’s test

91
Q

special test for sub acromial pain (2)

A

full can
hawkins kennedy

92
Q

special test for trauma: cuff weakness (3)

A

bear hug & belly press
ER lag sign

93
Q

special test for instability (3)

A

apprehension
sulcus sign
load and shift test

PHYS grad (15 decks)

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