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PHYS grad > elbow SOL > Flashcards

elbow SOL Flashcards

1
Q

Which 3 bones make up the elbow joint?

A

Humerus, ulna, radius

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2
Q

What type of joint is the elbow

A

Hinge joint - humeroRadial, humeroUlna. Plane joint at proximal and distal radio ulnar joint (for gliding)

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3
Q

How many degrees of freedom does the elbow joint exhibit?

A

2 in the elbow joint complex. Flex/Ext. Sup/Pro at radioulnar joint

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4
Q

RCL - Radial collateral ligament attachments

A

Lateral epicondyle to annular ligament and radial head

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5
Q

UCL - ulnar collateral ligament attachment

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus to coronoid and olecranon process of ulna

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6
Q

What limits the elbow joint’s normal ROM

A
  • Olecranon on the humerus (bone on bone)
  • Flexors of FA to biceps (soft tissue approximation)
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7
Q

What’s carrying angle

A

Angle b//w the long axis of humerus and FA when the arm is in anatomical position
F: 10-15
M: 5-10

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8
Q

Function of carrying angle

A

To allow FA to clear the hip when walking, running, carrying object

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9
Q

Function of annular ligament

A

Hold the proximal radial head against the ulna
Permits for free rotation for radial head during sup/pro

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10
Q

Function of interosseous membrane

A
  • Link and maintain the space b//w radius and ulnar during rotation
  • transmit forces from one bone to another
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11
Q

What pass through the cubital fossa

A

Biceps tendon, brachial A, medial and radial N

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12
Q

Sup border of cubital fossa

A

An imaginary line between medial and lateral epicondyle of humerus

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13
Q

Medial border of cubital fossa

A

The lateral boundary of pronator teres

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14
Q

Lateral border of cubital fossa

A

Medial border of brachioradialis

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15
Q

Which muscles do flexion of the elbow

A

Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, pronator teres

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16
Q

Which muscle do extension of the elbow

A

Triceps brachii, anconeus

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17
Q

Muscle that supinates FA

A

Supinations, biceps brachii, brachioradialis

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18
Q

Muscles that pronate FA

A

Pronator teres, pronator quadratus (deep)

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19
Q

Origin of biceps brachii [long head]

A

Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

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20
Q

Origin of biceps brachii [short head]

A

Apex of the Coracoid process

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21
Q

Insertion of biceps brachii (both heads)

A

Radial tuberosity, and fascia of the FA via bicipital aponeurosis

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22
Q

Origin of brachialis

A

Distal aspect of humerus, deep to biceps brachii

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23
Q

Insertion of brachialis

A

Coronoid process and the ulnar tubersotiy

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24
Q

Innervation of biceps brachii

A

Musculocutaneous N (C5-7)

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25
Q

Action of biceps brachii

A

Flexion of the elbow, shoulder, supination

26
Q

Innervation of brachialis (dual)

A

Medially: musculocutaneous N (C5-6)
Laterally: radial N C7

27
Q

Action of brachialis

A

Flexion of the elbow, pronation

28
Q

Origin of brachioradialis

A

Lateral Supracondylar ridge of the humerus and lateral inter muscular septum

29
Q

Insertion of brachioradialis

A

Long tendon attach to Styloid process of radius

30
Q

Innervation of brachioradialis

A

Radial N (C5-6)

31
Q

Action of brachioradialis

A

Elbow flexion, sup&pro

32
Q

Origin of Pronator teres (2 heads)

A

Humeral head: medial supracondylar ridge of humerus, common flexor tendon
Ulnar head: medial side of coronoid process of ulna

33
Q

Insertion of pronator teres

A

Middle of the lateral surface of radius

34
Q

Innervation of pronator teres

A

Medial N (C6-7)

35
Q

Action of pronator teres

A

Pronation, (assist) elbow flexion

36
Q

Origin of Triceps brachii (long head)

A

Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

37
Q

Origin of Triceps brachii (lateral head)

A

Proximal portion of post humerus, sup to radial groove

38
Q

Origin of Triceps brachii (medial head)

A

Inf 2/3 of Post humerus, inf to radial groove

39
Q

Insertion of triceps brachii

A

All heads converge onto one tendon insert onto olecranon process of ulna

40
Q

Innervation of triceps brachii

A

Radial N (C7-8)

41
Q

Action of triceps

A

Elbow extension
Extension and ADD at the shoulder joint (long heads only)

42
Q

Origin of Anconeus
Tips: supinators, small triangle muscle

A

Dorsal side of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

43
Q

Insertion of Anconeus
Tips:, small triangle muscle

A

Olecranon process, and proximal 1/3 of post ulna

44
Q

Innervation of Anconeus
Tips: supinators, small triangle muscle

A

Radial N (C6-8)

45
Q

Action of Anconeus
Tips: supinators, small triangle muscle

A

Elbow extension, stabilize the ulna during FA pronation

46
Q

Origin of Supinators (super hard)

A

Supinator crest, lateral epicondyle of humerus, RCL, annular ligament

47
Q

Insertion of supinators

A

Anterolateral, post surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius, distal to radial tuberosity

48
Q

Innervation of supinator

A

Radial N -> post interosseous N (C5-6)

49
Q

action of supinator

A

Supinate the FA in elbow flexion&extension

50
Q

Origin of pronator quadratus (deep muscle)

A

Oblique ridge of the ant 1/4 of distal ulna

51
Q

Insertion of pronator quadratus

A

Lateral border and ant 1/4 of distal radius

52
Q

Innervation of pronator quadratus

A

ant interosseous N (C8-T1)
a branch of Median N

53
Q

Action of pronator quadratus

A

FA pronation (at radioulnar joint, pulling radius over ulna)

54
Q

rock paper scissors ok sign test nerve

A

median N
radial N
ulnar N
ant interosseous N (median)

55
Q

thumbs up test nerve

A

radial N

56
Q

special test: ligament stability tests (2)

A

MCL - valgus stress test
LCL - varus stress test
don’t do the test when you know there’s a dislocation!

57
Q

test for latreal epicondylagia (tennis elbow) (3)

A

cozen’s test
maudsley’s test
grip strength test

58
Q

test for medial epicondylagia (golfer’s elbow)

A

golfer’s elbow test

59
Q

test for cubital tunnel syndrome (3)

A

tinels test
forments test
passive elbow flexion test

60
Q

distal biceps rupture test

A

hook test

61
Q
A

PHYS grad (15 decks)

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