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PHYS grad > Ankle And Foot SOL > Flashcards

Ankle And Foot SOL Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 7 tarsal bones

A

Calcaneus,
Talus,
Navicular
Cuboid
Cuneiform (medial, intermediate, lateral)

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2
Q

Name the 5 Metatarsal bones

A

First, second, third, fourth, fifth

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3
Q

Name the parts of the phalanges

A

Proximal, intermediate, distal phalanges
(Big toe only has proximal and distal)

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4
Q

Name the 3 bones that make up the ankle joint

A

Distal end of tibia, fibula and talus

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5
Q

What type of joint in the ankle?

A

Hinge joint

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6
Q

What mvmt is available in the ankle

A

Doris flexion, plantarflexion
Inversion, eversion (subtalar joint)

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7
Q

Weight bearing surface of the ankle joint

A

Talus dome (axial load)

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8
Q

2 Stabilizing surface of the ankle joint

A

Lateral and medial malleolus (prevent rotation)

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9
Q

Where is the joint capsule attached?

A

Medial and lateral malleolus, front and back of talus, strengthened by the lateral and medial ligaments

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10
Q

3 lateral ligament

A

ATFL - anterior talofibular ligament
PTFL - posterior talofibular ligament
CFL - calcaeofibular ligament

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11
Q

Most commonly injured ligament of the ankle

A

ATFL

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12
Q

Medial ligament

A

Deltoid ligaments

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13
Q

What mvmt does ATFL prevent? (2)

A

Prevent anterior displacement of the talus in respect to the fibula and tibia

Resists inversion in plantarflexion

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14
Q

What mvmt does PTFL prevent?

A

Resist posterior displacement of the talus

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15
Q

What mvmt does CFL prevent?

A

Aids talofibular stability during dorsiflexion

Restrain Inversion of the calcaneous with respect to the fibula

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16
Q

What mvmt does medial ligament prevent?

A

Excessive eversion

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17
Q

Why is the ankle joint at its least stable when in full plantar flexion?

A

In dorsiflexion, the anterior part of the talus is held in the mortise, and the joint is more stable. BC ant talus is wider

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18
Q

Origin of the gastrocnemius (2 heads)

A

Medial head: medial condyle of femur and adductor tubercle

Lateral head: lateral condyle of femur

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19
Q

Insertion of gastrocnemius

A

Fuse with soleus tendon
Insert onto posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon/achilles tendon

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20
Q

Innervation of gastrocnemius

A

Tibial N (S1,2)

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21
Q

action of gastrocnemius

A

Ankle plantarflexion
Knee flexion

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22
Q

Origin of soleus

A

Post surface of the head and upper 1/3 of proximal fibula

Soleal line of tibia

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23
Q

Insertion of Soleus

A

Posterior calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

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24
Q

Innervation of Soleus

A

Tibial N (S1, 2)

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25
Q

action of Soleus

A

Ankle plantarflexion
Reversed action when standing (foot is fixed on the floor) - limited forward sway

26
Q

Origin of Tibialis anterior

A

Lateral condyle, upper 2/3 of anterolateral surface of tibia, interosseous membrane

27
Q

Insertion of Tibialis anterior

A

Medial and under surface of the medial cuneiform bone, base of the 1st metatarsal

28
Q

Innervation of Tibialis anterior

A

Deep fibular N (L4, 5, S1)

29
Q

Action of Tibialis anterior

A

Ankle dorsiflexion, inversion, ADD,
Maintain medial arch of the foot

30
Q

origin of tibialis posterior (TP)

A

proximal posterior lateral tibia
proximal posterior medial fibula
interosseous membrane

31
Q

Insertion of Tibialis posterior

A

Navicular, medial cuneiform bone

32
Q

innervation of Tibialis posterior

A

Tibial Nerve (L4-S3)

33
Q

Action of Tibialis posterior

A

ankle plantarflexion
inversion
maintain medial arch of foot

34
Q

Origin of Fibularis Longus

A

lateral condyle of tibia
head and proximal 2/3 of fibula

35
Q

Insertion of Fibularis Longus

A

medial cuneiform
base of 1st metatarsal
SAME as TA

36
Q

Innervation of Fibularis Longus

A

superficial Fibular N (L5-S2)

37
Q

Action of Fibularis Longus

A

Eversion,
Assist in plantarflexion
maintain transverse arch of the foot

38
Q

Origin of Fibularis Brevis

A

distal 2/3 of lateral fibular
tendon loops post around the lateral malleolus

39
Q

Insertion of Fibularis Brevis

A

Styloid process of the 5th metatarsal (lateral bump)

40
Q

Innervation of Fibularis Brevis

A

Superficial Fibular N (L5-S2)

41
Q

Action of Fibularis Brevis

A

Eversion
Ankle plantarflexion

42
Q

Origin of Extensor Hallucis Longus (EHL)

A

Distal 1/2 of fibula,
Adjacent interosseous membrane

43
Q

Insertion of Extensor Hallucis Longus (EHL)

A

Base of the distal phalanx of the big toe

44
Q

Innervation of Extensor Hallucis Longus (EHL)

A

Deep fibular N (L4, 5)

45
Q

Action of Extensor Hallucis Longus (EHL)

A

big toe extension
assist ankle dorsiflexion and inversion

46
Q

Origin of Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL)

A

Anterior surface of fibula,
upper part of the anterior surface of the interosseous membrane,
lateral tibial condyle

47
Q

Insertion of Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL)

A

Divides into 4 slips,
Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5

48
Q

Innervation of Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL)

A

deep fibular N (L4-5)

49
Q

Action of Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL)

A

Extension of digits 2-5,
Ankle dorsiflexion

50
Q

Origin of Flexor Hallucis Longus (FHL)

A

lower 2/3 of posterior fibula

51
Q

Insertion of Flexor Hallucis Longus (FHL)

A

plantar surface of the base of the 1st distal phalanx

52
Q

Innervation of Flexor Hallucis Longus (FHL)

A

Tibial N (S1-2)

53
Q

Action of Flexor Hallucis Longus (FHL)

A

Flexion of the big toe,
Plantarflexion of the ankle (assist)

54
Q

Origin of Flexor Digitorum Longus (FDL)

A

Lower 2/3 of post tibia, inf to soleal line

55
Q

Insertion of Flexor Digitorum Longus (FDL)

A

Plantar surface of the base of distal phalanges 2-5

56
Q

Innervation of Flexor Digitorum Longus (FDL)

A

Tibia N (S2-3)

57
Q

Action of Flexor Digitorum Longus (FDL)

A

flexion of digits 2-5
assist ankle plantarflexion

58
Q

What muscles do dorsiflexion (3)

A

tibialis anterior,
extensor hallucis longus (EHL),
extensor digitorum longus (EDH)

59
Q

What muscles do plantarflexion (7)

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
FHL
FDL
TP
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis

60
Q

What muscles do inversion (2)

A

tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior

61
Q

What muscles do eversion (2)

A

fibularis longus and brevis

PHYS grad (15 decks)

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