Shoulder Region Flashcards
Identify Bones and Features:
Identify Bones and Features:
Identify Bones And Features:
Identify Bones and Features
Identify Bone and Features:
What is the costoclavicular space and what neurovascular structures pass through it?
The costoclavicular space is the area between the first rib and the clavicle. The Subclavian Artery, Vein and Brachial plexus pass through it.
What is the coracoclavicular space? What is the average measurement? Which two ligaments maintain this distance?
The coracoclavicular space is the distance between the coracoid process and the undersurface of the clavicle. It is usually 11-13mm. It is made up of the conoid ligament and trapezoid ligament
Describe the position of the scapula relative to the thoracic spinous processes:
Root of the spine of scapula –>
Inferior angle of scapula –>
Root of the spine of scapula –> Third Thoracic Vert (T3)
Inferior angle of scapula –> T7/T8
How do you know which Thoracic spinous process you are
palpating?
Find C7, then count each of the Thoracic Vert below.
Sternoclavicular Ligaments and the Movement it resists:
Which movement of the scapula and movement of the clavicle are linked due to the structure of the conoid ligament?
The conoid connects the clavicle to the acromion process and forces the clavicle to upwardly rotate allowing for full abduction of the upper limb.
What is the advantage of the upward/posterior rotation of the clavicle during elevation of the upper limb?
It allows for full abduction of the upper limb by rotating the clavicle
What are the movements of the clavicle and the scapula during upper limb elevation in the scapular plane?
Clavicular Elevation and posterior or upward rotation in the scapular plane
What is the orientation of the glenoid fossa in the anatomical position?
30 degrees Internal rotation from the frontal plane:
Identify this:
* where does it attach?
* what is it made of?
* what are its functions?
It is the glenoid Labrum
It attaches to the around the margin of the glenoid fossa
It increases the depth of the glenoid fossa and articular contact area. The superior aspect (Superior Labrum) is the attachment site for long head of biceps brachii
Which tendon attaches to the supraglenoid tubercle and the superior aspect of the labrum. What might be a possible negative consequence of this?
The long head of the biceps brachii. A negative consequence of this is that when the long head of biceps brachii becomes taught (usually when falling on an abducted arm) it can cause a tear or lesion of the superior labrum.
Identify The following ligaments
The superior, middle and inferior Glenohumeral ligaments make up the glenohumeral capsule
What is the function of the transverse humeral ligament
To hold the tendon of long head of biceps Brachii in place
Which 2 ligaments provide the main resistance to Inferior translation of the humerus when the upper limb is adducted (in anatomical position)?
The ligaments at the top of the glenohumeral joint. More specifically the superior glenohumeral ligament and the coracohumeral ligament.
Which ligament resists anterior- inferior translation of the humeral head on the glenoid when the upper limb is in a position of 90° abduction + external rotation?
The middle glenohumeral ligament
Identify this ligament
Coracoacromial ligament
What is the subacromial space?
The subacromial space is the space between the coracoacromial arch and the head of the humerus. It’s usually 7-11mm long.
What makes up the coracoacromial arch?
- Inferior surface of the acromion,
- the coracoacromial ligament and
- the inferior surface of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint.
What things may narrow the subacromial space?
Elevation or abduction of the arm
Which pathology results in an increased subacromial space?
Decreased Clavicular elevation and retraction and Increased upward rotation and external rotation.
Identify the following
Subacromial space (Red) and coracoacromial ligament
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Sternocleidomastoid, Prox attachment - Manubrium + medial clavicle, Dist attachment - Mastoid process - Innervated Accessory N, CN XI & C3,C4, ventral rami. Moves head and neck.
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Upper Trapezius, Prox attachment - Medial superior nuchal line & ligamentum nuchae, Dist attachment - Posterior border of lateral clavicle - Innervated by Accessory N, CN XI & C3,C4, ventral rami. Movements - Clavicular elevation;
scapular elev, Add, upward rotation
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Middle Trapezius, Prox attachment - C7 and T1 Spinus processes, Dist attachment - Acromion and spine of scap, Innervated by Accessory N, CN XI & C3,C4, ventral rami, Movements - Sacpular Retraction and adduction.
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Lower Trapezius, Prox attachment - T1-T12 Spinous processes, Dist attachment - Tubercle of spine of scapula, Innerviated by Accessory N, CN XI & C3,C4, ventral rami, Movement - Scap depression and Uprward Rotation
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Subclavius, Prox attachment 1st rib, Dist attachment, Middle inferior 1/3 of clavicle, nerve to subclavius, Movement - pulls medial to stabilise Sternoclavicular joint.
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Levator Scapulae, Prox Attachment - C1-4 transverse process, Dist Attachment - Medial Border of the scapula, Innervated by - C3,4 Vertral Rami + Dorsal Scap Nerve, Movements - Scapular elevation, adduction and downwards rotation.
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Rhomboid Minor, Prox Attachment - Ligamentum Nuchae, C7 & T1, Dist Attachment - Medial Border of scap (Below Spine), Innerviated by - Dorsal Scap Nerve (C5), Movements - Scapular elevation, Adduction and Downward Rotation.
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Rhomboid Major, Prox attachment - T2-5 Spinous process, Dist Attach - Medial Border of scap (Below Spine), Innervated, Dorsal Scap Nerve (C5), Mocements - Scapular elevation, Adduction and downward Rotation
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Serratus Anterior, Prox attach - anterolateral ribs 1-9, Dist attach - Medial, Ventral border of Scap, Innervated by - Long thoracic Nerve (C5,6,7), Movement - Scapular Protraction + Upward Rotation
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Pectoralis Minor, Prox attach - Anterior Ribs 3-5, Dist Attach - Coracoid process, Innervated by medial and lateral pectoral nerve, Movement - Scapular Anterior tilt.
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Pectoralis Major Sternal Head, Prox attachment Sternum and 1-7 costal Cartlidge, Distal Attachment - Intertubercular sulcus of humerus, Innervated by Medial and lateral pectoral nerve, Movements - Glenohumeral Ext, medial rotation and Horiz Flexion
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Pec Major Clavicular Head, Prox attachment - Medial 2/3 of clavicle, Dist Attach - intertubercular sulcus of humerous, Innervated by medial and lateral pectoral nerve, Movement - GH Flexion, Medial Rotation and Horiz Flexion
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Latissimus Dorsi, Prox attachment - T7-12 Lumbar and sacral spinous processes, Distal Attach, intertubercular sulcus + Inferior angle of scapula Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-8)
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Teres Minor, Prox attach - Lateral Dorsal Scapula, Dist Attach - Greater Tubercule of Humerus, Innervation - Axillary N (C5,6), Action - GHJ joint stabilisation
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Subscapularis
Prox Attach - subscapular fossa
Dist Attach - Lesser Tubercle of Humerus
Innervation - upper and lower subscapular nerve (C567
Movement - GHJ medial rotation and stabilizaion
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Teres Major
Prox attach - Dorsal inferior angle of scapula
Dist attach - Medial lip intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Innervation - lower subscapular Nerve C5,6,7
Movement - GHJ Medial rotation, Adduction and Extension
Identify the following muscle, name its proximal + distal attachment, innervation and primary action:
Corachobrachialis
Prox attach - Coracoid Process
Dist Attach - Medial Midshaft Humerus
Innervation - Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5-7)
Movement - GHJ Flexion and Adduction
Identify the following from the brachial plexus:
What is the Intersclene triangle
The ventral rami emerge through the interscalene triangle.
The 3 borders of the interscalene triangle:
1. anterior scalene
2. middle scalene
3. 1st rib.
Identify this and state where it arises from. What does int innerviate
It innervates the Supraspinatus and infraspinatus
Name the three passageways below and name what goes through the QS and TI
QS - quadrangular space - axillary nerve
TI - triangular interval - Radial nerve, Deep brachial artery
TS - Triangular Space
Draw out the nerves of the brachial plexus
Identify the following
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Identify the following SPACES
