Shoulder Problems Flashcards
What are the 3 things that can cause pain in the neck to shoulder region?
Muscular pain
Nerve root entrapment
Whiplash Injury
What movement causes a whiplash injury?
Hyperextension
What is the cause of nerve root entrapment in the neck? (2)
Acute cervical disc prolapse
Pressure from spondyolictic osteophytes
What are symptoms of nerve root entrapment?
Unilateral pain in the neck and the shoulder that is acute
Pins and needles, numbness and decreased reflexes
What is the treatment for nerve root entrapment?
Boarding, physiological, analgesia and corrective surgery
What structure deepens the socket in the shoulder count?
Glenoid labrum
What 3 muscles are responsible for shoulder extension?
DLT
Posterior Deltoid
Latissimus dorati
Teres major
What 4 muscles are responsible for shoulder flexion?
BDPC
Biceps brachii
Anteroir deltoid
Pectoralis major
Coracobrachialis
What muscles are responsible for abduction?
STDS
Supraspinatus
Teres major
Deltoid
Serratus anteroir
What 3 muscles are responsible for shoulder adduction?
PLT
Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
What muscles are responsible for shoulder medial rotation?
SPLTD
Subscapularies Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi Teres major Deltoid
What 2 muscles are responsible for shoulder lateral rotation?
IT
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
What is the most common cause of shoulder pain?
Rotator cuff tendinosis
What symptoms does someone with rotator cuff tendinitis have?
Painful arc syndrome
What is the treatment for rotator cuff tendinosis?
Analgesia, Physik and corticosteroid injection
What is the classic presentation of a rotator cuff tear?
They cannot Abduct their arm, they passively pick it up and then hold it in place with the deltoid muscle
What dislocation is the most common?
Anterior
What are the clinical features of a dislocated shoulder?
Asymmetry Pain Loss of range of movement Clear abnormality Hx of trauma
What is the diagnostic investigation for a dislocated shoulder?
X-ray
What is the management of a dislocated shoulder?
Manual manipulation
Physio Strength training
Analgesia
Surgery to correct
What is subacromial impingement? And what causes it?
This is loss of the SA joint space due to either loss of volume of increase in the volume of contents ie inflammation
What are the symptoms of subacromial impingement?
Painful arc syndrome
Cannot abduct over the horizontal plane(Hawkin’s test)
What is the diagnostic investigation in SI?
X-ray
What is the management of a subacromial impingement?
Steroid injection, Physiotherapy
Arthroscopic subacromial decompression
Which muscle tendon is usually involved in this?
Supraspinatus muscle
What is the other name for a frozen shoulder?
Adhesive Capsulitis
What is the cause of pain in a frozen shoulder?
Inflammation and thickening of the joint capsule
What are the symptoms in frozen shoulder?
Pain initially but this clears up and becomes stiffness
What is the management of a frozen shoulder?
Steroid injection if early presentation
What is bicep tendinopathy?
Where the head of the biceps tendon becomes inflamed
What are the symptoms of BT?
Anterior pain that is worse at night or an pulling/straining
What is the management of BP?
Surgical repair if it ruptures oththeriwse PT and analgesia
What causes a clavicle fracture?
Fall on an outstretched arm
where is the most common site fo fracture?
Middle 1/3
What is the management of a fractures clavicle?
Immobilisation for 2 weeks
Collar sling
May need surgery if open or poor healing
