Nerve Palsies Flashcards
What is HILTON’s law?
That a sensory nerve supplying a JOINT also innervates the MUSCLES that innervate the joint and the SKIn overlying the joint
What causes a total brachial Plexus Palsy? C5-T1
Damage during childbirth
What root numbers are damaged in Erb’s Palsy?
C 5,6, 7
What part of the brachial plexus is damaged in Erb’s Palsy?
Superior brachial plexus
What is a common cause of Erb’s Palsy?
Obstetric birthing complication when traction is applied
What are the clinical features of Erb’s palsy?
Waiter’s tip position
What is the position of the Shoulder, elbow and wrist
Adducted and internally rotated
Extended and pronated
Flexed
Which nerve roots are affected in Klumpke’s palsy?
C8/T1
Which section of the brachial plexus is affected in Klumpke’s palsy?
Lower section
How is a Klumpke’s palsy caused?
If an upper limp is delivered 1st and traction applied
What are the clinical features of Klumpke’s palsy?
Claw hand - the small muscles of the hands are affected, the forearm is supinated, the wrist and fingers flexed
What nerve roots are affected in a musculocutaneous palsy?
C 5,6,7
Which part o the cord is affected in the Musculocutaneuos nerve palsy?
Lateral
Which muscle does the musculocutaneuos nerve piece and then run between?
Coracobrachialis
Biceps brachia and brachial
What joint does the muscu N supply? And what does it terminate at?
Elbow joint
Lateral cutaneous nerve to the forearm
What would cause a palsy to the MC nerve?
Stab wound to the upper arm
What would be the clinical features of a palsy of the MC nerve?
Wasting of the biceps
What roots form the axillary nerve?
C5/6
Which part of the cord does it come from?
Posterior
What structure does the axillary nerve wrap around?
Surgical neck of the humerus
What does the axillary nerve supply?
The lateral sensation of arm
Deltoid and Teres minor
What are 2 causes of damage to the axillary nerve
Fracture to the surgical neck of the humerus
Compression by dislocation
What are the 2 symptoms of damage to the axillary nerve?
Numbness over the badge area
Deltoid wasting
What nerve roots make up the RADIAL nerve?
C5,6,7,8 and T1
Which part of the cord is it from?
Posterior
What groove does the radial artery run in?
Radial groove of the humerus
What areas does the radial nerve give sensory supply to?
Lower part of arm, posterior forearm and 2/3 dorsum of the hand
What are the 2 causes of a radial nerve palsy?
Saturday night palsy = fall asleep on it
Fracture of the proximal humerus
What is the clinical feature of a radial nerve palsy?
Wrist drop
What roots make up the median nerve?
C5,6,7,8,T1
What 2 chords does the median nerve come from?
Medial and lateral
What sensory supply does the median nerve have?
Thenar eminence and the lateral 3 1/2 fingers
What motor supply does the median nerve have?
LOAF muscles and all the flexors of the forearm except FCU and medial FDP
What can cause a palsy of the median nerve?
Carpal tuneless compression or fracture of the humerus
What is the clinical features of median nerve issues?
Hand of Benediction
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Ulnar nerve Roots?
C7-T1
What part of the cord is it form?
Medial cord
What dies the ulnar nerve supply?
Anterior compartment and the HILA muscles of the hand
What can cause an injury to the ulnar nerve?
That would be fracture of the humerus or compression at the cubital tunnel in the arm
What is the symptoms of ulnar nerve compression?
Claw hand
what are the roots of the sacral plexus?
S2-4
What are the 3 main branches of the sacral plexus?
Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Sciatic nerve
What do the following supply?
Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Sciatic nerve
Gluteus medius and minimuns
Gluteus maximus
Posterior thigh leg and foot
What is the main branch of the sciatic nerve?
Common peroneal nerve
What does the deep common perineal nerve supply?
Anterior complement of the leg
What does the Superficial common perineal nerve supply?
Lateral leg compartment
What does the tibial nerve supply?
Posterior leg
What is the main branch of the lumbar plexus?
Femoral nerve
