Shoulder girdle & joint

Question 1

Origin of trapezius

Answer 1

• Superior nuchal line
  
  • External occipital protuberance
  • Nuchal ligament
  • Spinous processes of C7 to T12

Question 2

Insertion of trapezius

Answer 2

• Upper fibres on lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
  
  • Middle fibres on acromion and scapula spine
  • Lower fibres on tubercle of scapula spine

Question 3

Action of trapezius

Answer 3

• Scapula elevation, scapula rotation during abduction (Upper)
  
  • Scapula retraction (Middle fibres)
  • Scapula depression (Lower fibres)

Question 4

Innervation of trapezius

Answer 4

Accessory nerve (CN XI)

Question 5

Origin of levator scapulae muscle

Answer 5

Transverse processes of C1-C4

Question 6

Insertion of levator scapulae muscle

Answer 6

Superior border of the scapula

Question 7

Action of levator scapulae muscle

Answer 7

• Shoulder elevation
  
  • Assists in lateral rotation of the scapula

Question 8

Innervation of levator scapulae muscle

Answer 8

• Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
  
  • Anterior rami of C3-C5 spinal nerves

Question 9

Origin of rhomboid minor muscle

Answer 9

• Lower end of nuchal ligament
  
  • Spinous process of C7 – T1

Question 10

Insertion of rhomboid minor muscle

Answer 10

• Medial border of the scapula
  
  • Until root of the spine of the scapula

Question 11

Origin of rhomboid major muscle

Answer 11

Spinous process of T1 – T4

Question 12

Insertion of rhomboid major muscle

Answer 12

• Medial border of the scapula
  
  • Until the inferior angle of the scapula

Question 13

Action of both rhomboid minor and major

Answer 13

• Holds scapula against the thoracic wall
  
  • Retracts the scapula
  • Assists in elevation of the scapula

Question 14

Insertion of both rhomboid minor and major

Answer 14

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4 - C5)

Question 15

Origin of serattus anterior muscle

Answer 15

Finger-like processes from ribs 1 – 8 laterally

Question 16

Insertion of serattus anterior muscle

Answer 16

Costal surface of the medial border of the scapula

Question 17

Action of serattus anterior muscle

Answer 17

• Holds scapula against the thoracic wall
• Protraction and rotation (in abduction) of the scapula

Question 18

Innervation of serattus anterior muscle

Answer 18

Long thoracic nerve (C5 - C7)

Question 19

Origin of subclavius muscle

Answer 19

First rib and its costal cartilage

Question 20

Insertion of subclavius muscle

Answer 20

Inferior surface of the middle 1/3 of the clavicle

Question 21

Action of suvbclavius muscle

Answer 21

Anchors and depresses the clavicle

Question 22

Innervation of subclavius muscle

Answer 22

Nerve to subclavius (C5 – C6)

Question 23

Origin of pec major muscle

Answer 23

• Anterior border of the medial half of the clavicle
  
  • Anterior surface of the sternum and ribs 1-7 costal cartilage
  • Aponeurosis of the External oblique muscle

Question 24

Insertion of pec major muscle

Answer 24

Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Question 25

Action of pec major muscle

Answer 25

- Adduction - Medial rotation - Clavicular fibres flex at the shoulder joint

Question 26

Innervation of pec major muscle

Answer 26

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 27

Origin of pec minor

Answer 27

Anterior surfaces and superior border of ribs 3 to 5

Question 28

Insertion of pec minor

Answer 28

Medial border of the coracoid process of the scapula

Question 29

Action of pec minor

Answer 29

Protracts and depresses shoulder

Question 30

Innervation of pec minor

Answer 30

Medial pectoral nerve

Question 31

Origin of latissimus dorsi muscle

Answer 31

- Spinous processes of T7 to L5 - Posterior surface of the sacrum - Posterior part of iliac crest - Rib 9 - 12

Question 32

Insertion of latissimus dorsi muscle

Answer 32

Floor of the intertubercular sulcus

Question 33

Action of latissimus dorsi muscle

Answer 33

- Extension - Medial rotation - Adduction

Question 34

Innervation of latissimus dorsi muscle

Answer 34

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6 – C8)

Question 35

Origin of deltoid muscle

Answer 35

- Anterior border of the lateral 1/3 of the clavicle - Inferior lip/edge of the spine of the scapula - Lateral border of acromion

Question 36

Insertion of deltoid muscle

Answer 36

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Question 37

Action of deltoid muscle

Answer 37

- Major abductor at the shoulder joint beyond 15° - Anterior fibres flex and medially rotate - Posterior fibres extend and laterally rotate

Question 38

Innervation of deltoid muscle

Answer 38

Axillary nerve (C5 – C6)

Question 39

Origin of teres major muscle

Answer 39

- Posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula - On the lateral border

Question 40

Insertion of teres major muscle

Answer 40

Medial lip of the intertubercular groove

Question 41

Action of teres major muscle

Answer 41

Medial rotation and extension

Question 42

Innervation of teres major muscle

Answer 42

Lower subscapular nerve (C5 - C7)

Question 43

Origin of supraspinatus muscle

Answer 43

Supraspinous fossa

Question 44

Insertion of supraspinatus muscle

Answer 44

Superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 45

Action of supraspinatus muscle

Answer 45

Initiation of abduction

Question 46

Innervation of supraspinatus muscle

Answer 46

Suprascapular nerve (C5 – C6)

Question 47

Origin of infraspinatus muscle

Answer 47

Infraspinous fossa

Question 48

Insertion of infraspinatus muscle

Answer 48

Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 49

Action of infraspinatus muscle

Answer 49

Lateral rotation

Question 50

Innervation of infraspinatus muscle

Answer 50

Suprascapular nerve (C5 – C6)

Question 51

Origin of teres minor muscle

Answer 51

Upper 2/3 of the posterior surface of the lateral border of the scapula

Question 52

Insertion of teres minor muscle

Answer 52

Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 53

Action of teres minor muscle

Answer 53

Lateral rotation

Question 54

Innervation of teres minor muscle

Answer 54

Axillary nerve (C5-C6)

Question 55

Origin of subscapularis muscle

Answer 55

Subscapular fossa

Question 56

Insertion of subscapularis muscle

Answer 56

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

Question 57

Action of subscapularis muscle

Answer 57

Adduction and medial rotation