Gluteal region

Question 1

Origin of gluteus maximus muscle

Answer 1

Behind posterior gluteal line
Fascia of the gluteus medius and erector spinae muscles
Dorsal surface of the sacrum
Lateral margin of the coccyx
Sacrotuberous ligament

Question 2

Insertion of gluteus maximus muscle

Answer 2

Posterior aspect of iliotibial tract
Gluteal tuberosity of proximal femur

Question 3

Innervation of gluteus maximus muscle

Answer 3

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5 – S2)

Question 4

Action of gluteus maximus muscle

Answer 4

Hip extension
Lateral rotation
Abduction
Laterally stabilizes hip and knee joint

Question 5

Origin of gluteus medius muscle

Answer 5

External surface of the ilium
- Between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

Question 6

Insertion of gluteus medius muscle

Answer 6

Lateral surface of the greater trochanter

Question 7

Action of gluteus medius muscle

Answer 7

Abduction and medial rotation
Maintain horizontal pelvic plane

Question 8

Innervation of gluteus medius muscle

Answer 8

Superior gluteal nerve (L4 – S1)

Question 9

Origin of gluteus minimus muscle

Answer 9

External surface of the ilium
- Between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Question 10

Insertion of gluteus minimus muscle

Answer 10

Anterolateral surface of greater trochanter

Question 11

Action of gluteus minimus muscle

Answer 11

Abduction and medial rotation
Maintain horizontal pelvic plane

Question 12

Innervation of gluteus minimus muscle

Answer 12

Superior gluteal nerve (L4 – S1)

Question 13

Origin of piriformis muscle

Answer 13

Anterior surface of the sacrum

Question 14

Insertion of piriformis muscle

Answer 14

Through greater sciatic foramen
- Superomedial surface of greater trochanter

Question 15

Action of piriform muscle

Answer 15

Lateral rotation

Question 16

Innervation of piriform muscle

Answer 16

Nerve to Piriformis (Anterior rami of S1 – S2)

Question 17

Origin of obturator internus muscle

Answer 17

Medial aspect of pelvic anterolateral wall
- Obturator membrane and surrounding bones

Question 18

Insertion of obturator internus muscle

Answer 18

Through lesser sciatic foramen
- Upper medial aspect of greater trochanter

Question 19

Action of obturator internus muscle

Answer 19

Lateral rotation when hip is extended
- Abducts when flexed

Question 20

Innervation of obturator internus muscle

Answer 20

Nerve to obturator internus (L5 – S1)

Question 21

Origin of superior and inferior gemellus muscles

Answer 21

Superior – External of ischial spine
Inferior – Superior aspect of ischial tuberosity

Question 22

Insertion of superior and inferior gemellus muscles

Answer 22

Tendons fuse to insert with obturator internus

Question 23

Action of superior and inferior gemellus muscles

Answer 23

Lateral rotation when hip is extended
- Abducts when flexed

Question 24

Innervation of superior and inferior gemellus muscles

Answer 24

Superior gemellus muscle
- Nerve to obturator internus (L5 – S1)
Inferior gemellus muscle
- Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5 – S1)

Question 25

Origin of quadratus femoris muscle

Answer 25

Lateral surface of the ischium
- Anterior to ischial tuberosity

Question 26

Insertion of quadratus femoris muscle

Answer 26

Quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest

Question 27

Action of quadratus femoris muscle

Answer 27

Lateral rotation

Question 28

Innervation of quadratus femoris muscle

Answer 28

Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5 – S1)

Question 29

Origin of obturator externus muscle

Answer 29

External surface of the obturator membrane
Adjacent bones

Question 30

Insertion of obturator externus muscle

Answer 30

Pass oblique inferior to femoral neck
- Trochanteric fossa

Question 31

Action of obturator externus muscle

Answer 31

Lateral rotation

Question 32

Innervation of