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Anatomy Exam 3 > Shoulder > Flashcards

Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles of the pectoral region, where do they originate?

A

pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior

they originate on the anterior aspect of the axial skeleton

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2
Q

What innervate the muscles of the pectoral region?

A

C6-C8

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3
Q

Where does pectoralis major insert?

A

onto the proximal humeral shaft

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4
Q

Innervation of pectoralis major

A

medial and lateral pectoral nn.

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5
Q

Actions of pectoralis major

A

adduction, flexion and medial rotation of GHJ

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6
Q

Attachments of pectoralis minor

A

origin: ribs 3-5
insertion: coracoid process of the scapula

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7
Q

Actions of pectoralis minor

A

protraction of and depression of the scapula

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8
Q

What innervates pectoralis minor?

A

medial pectoral n. (medial does more)

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9
Q

Attachments of serratus anterior

A

origin: lateral aspect of ribs 1-8
insertion: anterior surface of medial border of scapula

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10
Q

Actions of serratus anterior

A

protraction and upward rotation of scapula, fixes scapula on thoracic wall

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11
Q

Innervation of serratus anterior

A

long thoracic n.

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12
Q

What will occur if there is injury to the long thoracic nerve?

A

pt will have winged scapula because serratus anterior will not be able to hold the scapula against the thoracic wall

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13
Q

What supplies blood to the pectoral region?

A

Axillary artery, gives off thoracoacromial a. and lateral thoracic a.

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14
Q

thoracoacromial artery

A

supplies pectoral muscles and deltoid

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15
Q

lateral thoracic artery

A

supplies serratus anterior and pectoral muscles

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16
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the back?

A

trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboid minor/major, latissimus dorsi

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17
Q

What innervates the extrinsic muscles of the back?

A

C5-7

CN XI

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18
Q

Actions of trapezius?

A

superior fibers: elevation

middle fibers: retraction

inferior fibers: depression

superior + inferior: upward rotation

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19
Q

innervation of trapezius?

A

cranial nerve XI

can be tested by asking pt to shrug shoulders against resistance

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20
Q

Attachments of levator scapulae

A

origin: cervical transverse process
insertion: superior angle of scapula

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21
Q

Actions of levator scapulae

A

elevate and downward rotation of scapula

22
Q

innervation of levator scapulae

A

dorsal scapular n.

23
Q

attachments of rhomboid minor and major

A

origin: nuchal ligament and thoracic spinous process
insertion: medial border of scapula

24
Q

Actions of rhomboid minor and major:

A

retraction and downward rotation (fixes scapula on body wall)

25
Q

Innervation of rhomboid minor and major

A

dorsal scapular n.

26
Q

attachments of latissimus dorsi

A

origin: thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs
insertion: anteromedial aspect of proximal humerus

27
Q

actions of latissimus dorsi

A

extension, adduction and medial rotation of GH joint

28
Q

Innervation of latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal n.

29
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder?

A

deltoid

teres major

rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatous, infraspinatous, teres minor, subscapularis

originate on scapula, insert on humerus

30
Q

What innervates the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder?

A

C5-C6

31
Q

Actions of deltoid muscle?

A

Anterior portion: flexion and medial rotation of GHJ

middle: abduction of GHJ (after initial 15deg)
posterior: extension and lateral rotation

32
Q

Innervation of deltoid

A

axillary n.

33
Q

How can you test the axillary n. ?

A

motor: palpate deltoid while abducting against resistance
sensory: loss of sensation on lateral aspect of shoulder

34
Q

Attachments of teres major

A

origin: inferior angle of scapula
insertion: proximal humeral shaft

35
Q

Actions of teres major?

A

medial rotation and adduction of GHJ

36
Q

Innervation of teres major

A

lower subscapular n.

37
Q

Rotator cuff

A

musculotendinous cuff that stabilizes the GHJ

SITS muscles

  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatous
  • teres minor
  • subscapularis
38
Q

Action of supraspinatus

A

Abduction of GHJ (initial 15deg, then deltoid takes over)

39
Q

innervation of supraspinatus

A

suprascapular n.

40
Q

Action of infraspinatus

A

lateral rotation of GHJ

41
Q

Innervation of infraspinatus

A

suprascapular n.

42
Q

Action of teres minor

A

Lateral rotation of GHJ

43
Q

Innervation of teres minor

A

axillary n.

44
Q

Attachments of subscapularis

A

origin: subscapular fossa of the scapula
insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus

45
Q

Action of subscapularis

A

medial rotation and adduction of GHJ

46
Q

Innervation of subscapularis

A

upper and lower subscapular nn.

47
Q

Blood supply of the posterior shoulder:

A

Subclavian artery gives rise to thyrocervical truck which gives off
-Transverse cervical a. (superficial branch and dorsal scapular a. )

-suprascapular a

very large anastomoses so if arterial supply is lost from one artery, there are others that can take over

48
Q

What is meant by Army over Navy?

A

suprascapular artery courses over the superior transverse scapular ligament while the suprascapular nerve passes under the superior transverse scapular ligament

49
Q

Venous drainage of posterior shoulder?

A

transverse cervical vein >
suprascapular vein>
external jugular vein>
subclavian vein

50
Q

If the dorsal scapular nerve is damaged, which muscles are most likely to be affected?

A

rhomboid minor, rhomboid major and levator scapulae

Anatomy Exam 3 (7 decks)

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