Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Exam 3 > Joints of UE > Flashcards

Joints of UE Flashcards

1
Q

What are the joints in the pectoral girdle?

A

Sternoclavicular (SC) joint

Acromioclavicular (AC) joint

Scapulothoracic (ST) joint

Glenohumeral (GH) joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is the ST joint not considered a true joint?

A

Because the scapula has no direct bony connection to the thorax, it is a physiological joint reflecting how the scapula moves relative to the thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the movements of the scapula?

A

elevation/depression

retraction/protraction

upward rotation/downward rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What muscles elevate the scapula?

A

superior fibers of trapezius

levator scapulae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What muscles cause scapular depression?

A

inferior fibers of trapezius

pectoralis minor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What muscles retract the scapula?

A

middle fibers of trapezius

rhomboid minor and major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What muscles protract the scapula?

A

pectoralis minor

serratus anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What muscles perform upward rotation of the scapula?

A

serratus anterior

superior and inferior fibers of trapezius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What muscles perform downward rotation of the scapula?

A

levator scapulae

rhomboid minor and rhomboid major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

For every 2 deg of glenohumeral movement there is…

A

1 deg of scapulothoracic movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sternoclavicular (SC) joint

A

synovial joint with an articular disc

movements: anterior/posterior
elevation/depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sternoclavicular joint injury

A

dislocations uncommon due to strength of capsular ligaments, more likely that clavicle will frx.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the ligaments of the SC joint?

A

costoclavicular ligament

capsular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Acromioclavicular (AC) joint

A

synovial joint with an articular disc

primary movement: rotation of the acromion on the clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the ligaments of the AC joint?

A

acromioclavicular ligament -reinforces joint

coracoclavicular ligament - prevents medial movement of the scapula relative to the clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dislocation of the AC joint

A

shoulder seperation

acromioclavicular ligament can tear or rupture through a direct blow or fall on a shoulder or outstretched hand

if the coracoclavicular ligaments also tears/ruptures- the shoulder will separate from the clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Glenohumeral joint

A

ball &socket joint with glenoid labrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the glenoid labrum?

A

fibrocartilaginous ring that acts to deepen the glenoid cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What movements occur at the GHJ?

A

flexion/extension

abduction/adduction

medial rotation/lateral rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What muscles flex the GHJ?

A

pectoralis major

anterior deltoid

coracobrachialis

biceps brachii (weakly)

21
Q

What muscles extend the GHJ?

A

Posterior deltoid

latissimus dorsi

long head of triceps brachii

22
Q

What muscles abduct the GHJ?

A

supraspinatus- initial 15deg

deltoid- after 15deg

23
Q

What muscles adduct the GHJ?

A

pectoralis major

latissimus dorsi

subscapularis

teres major

24
Q

What are the ligaments of the GHJ?

A

capsular: coracohumeral, glenohumeral, transverse humeral
extracapsular: coracoacromial

25
Q

How can rotator cuff muscles be injured?

A

repetitive use

tendon of supraspinatous muscle is most frequently torn

26
Q

Dislocation of GHJ

A

ligaments and tendons do not cross the GHJ inferiorly, therefore the inferior aspect of the capsule is weakest, most dislocations occur “anteriorly”

27
Q

Anterior GHJ dislocations endangers which vessels?

A

musculocutaneous n.

branches of axillary a.

28
Q

What vessels are endangered by surgical neck fracture?

A

axillary n.

circumflex humeral aa.

29
Q

What vessels are endangered by mid shaft humeral fracture?

A

radial n. and deep artery and vein of the arm

30
Q

What vessels are endangered by surgical supracondylar fracture?

A

median n. and brachial a.

31
Q

What vessels are endangered by surgical medial epicondyle fracture?

A

ulnar n.

32
Q

Elbow joint

A

hinge synovial joint

fibrous capsule encloses both elbow & proximal radioulnar joints

very stable in adults, less stable in children

33
Q

capitulum of the humerus articulates with…

A

the radial head

34
Q

trochlea of the humerus articulates with…

A

the ulna

35
Q

What movements occur at the elbow joint?

A

flexion/extension

36
Q

What are the ligaments of the elbow joint?

A

ulnar (medial) collateral ligament

radial (lateral collateral ligament)

anular ligament

37
Q

What muscles flex the elbow?

A

biceps brachii

brachialis

brachioradialis

38
Q

What muscles extend the elbow?

A

triceps brachii

39
Q

Does the ulna or radius stay stable when rotating?

A

the ulna

40
Q

Proximal and Distal radioulnar joints

A

synovial joints

movements: pronation/supination

41
Q

Pulled or nursemaid’s elbow

A

subluxation (partial dislocation) of the radial head from the anular ligament, most common in preschool children, may tear anular ligament

42
Q

Wrist (Radiocarpal) joint

A

synovial joint between the distal radius, articular disc, scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum

43
Q

What movements occur at the wrist (radiocarpal) joint?

A

flexion/extension

abduction/adduction

44
Q

Colles fracture

A

distal radius fracture

mechanism: FOOSH

associated with “dinner fork deformity” : a posterior displacement of the distal fragment, causing angulation

45
Q

scaphoid fracture

A

most frequently fractured carpal bone

mechanism: FOOSH

avascular necrosis is a potential complication of this injury

46
Q

Anterior dislocation of the lunate

A

occurs when landing on the dorsal side of the wrist, lunate is pushed anteriorly, compressing contents of the carpal tunnel, esp. the median nerve

47
Q

Mallet finger

A

Avulsion of the extensor expansion at the level of the DIP

digit flexed at DIP due to unopposed contraction of flexor digitorum profundus

48
Q

Boutonniere deformity

A

avulsion of extensor expansion at the level of the PIP

extensor expansion is still attached distally at the level of the DIP

Anatomy Exam 3 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions